Grape Culture. 49 



under the vine where they are likely to be at work. Give the 

 rod a sharp rap with the hand, when they will fall upon the 

 paper and are readily captured and killed. 



VINE SCALE (Pulvinaria Vitis}. 



This insect is not often met with, but when it does obtain 

 a footing it is very difficult to get rid of. If not made war 

 against at once, it will extend all over the canes. Vine scale 

 is detected by the cottony exudations which denote its presence. 

 This is the dried up body of the scale and full of eggs, which will 

 hatch the first fine days of spring. If not taken in time it will 

 extend from the wood to the leaves, thence to the fruit. The 

 best way to get rid of this pest is to thoroughly scrub the vines 

 in winter with Gishurst Compound, or even soft soap and hot 

 water will do. The vines should be carefully looked over once 

 a week during summer for scale. 



VINE LOUSE. 



This Vine lyouse (Phylloxera Vastatrix] is of continental 

 origin, and I consider it the most dreaded of all foreign pests 

 with which the grape grower has to contend. The insect, 

 when fully developed, is of a yellowish, brown colour, and very 

 transparent, so that the eggs can be seen, these being also 

 transparent. It has been illustrated at different stages of 

 development. This Phylloxera first attacks the roots of the 

 vine, and eventually works its way to the stem. It eats the 

 inner bark of the roots. When examined under a strong 

 microscope the roots appear as if surrounded by a swarm of 

 bees. As this insect, like many others, multiplies very quickly 

 and by the thousand, they are capable of destroying a healthy 

 vine in a month. There is no remedy known except flooding 

 the borders. Grafting on the American vine has also been 

 recommended ; but in most cases the vines will require to be 

 lifted and burned. Next remove the soil in which they were 

 growing ; cleanse the houses and paint them ; limewash the 

 walls ; cleanse and scald every part of the border, then make 

 up and re-plant. It is an acknowledged fact that this insect 

 prefers a warm, dry inside border ; and it is noticeable that 



