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GRAMINEAE (GRASS FAMILY) 109 



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sometimes minutely pubescent on the lower surface. (P. nitidum of recent 

 auth., not Lam. P. Eatoni Nash ; P. paucipilum Nash.) Moist, usually sandy 

 soil, Me., and southw. near the coast ; and in Ind. near L. Michigan. FIG. 64. 



36. P. Lindheimeri Nash. Culms stiffly ascending or spreading, 5-10 dm. 

 long, glabrous or pubescent below ; nodes swollen ; sheaths less than half as 

 long as the elongated internodes, ciliate on the margin, otherwise glabrous, or 

 the lowermost pubescent ; ligule 4-5 mm. long ; blades 5-8 cm. long, 6-8 mm. 

 wide, ascending, often reflexed when old, with a few hairs on the margins at 

 base, glabrous on both surfaces, or minutely puberulent below ; panicle 4-7 cm. 

 Inur/, nearly as wide, branches ascending or spreading, loosely flowered; spike- 

 lets 1.5 mm. long, obovate, obtuse ; second glume shorter than the fruit. Culms 

 elongated and radiating-prostrate in the autumn, earlier branches long, the later 

 ones' in short tufts, all appressed ; leaves much reduced, involute-pointed; the 

 hairs at base often conspicuous. Sandy woods and open ground, Ct. to Fla., 

 w. to 111. and Cal. 



37. P. Ieuc6thrix Nash. Light olive green, or often purplish ; culms 2.5-4.5 

 dm. high, erect, appressed-papillose, the hairs on the sheaths more spreading ; 

 ligule 3 mm. long ; blades ascending, 2.5-4.5 cm. long, 3-7 mm. wide, papillose- 

 ciliate at the rounded base, velvety beneath,' panicle 3-5 cm. long, 2-4 cm. wide, 

 rather densely flowered, axis appressed-pubescent, with tufts of long hairs in 

 the axils of the ascending branches ; spikelets 1.2 mm. long, obovate-elliptic, 

 densely papillose-pubescent ; second glume and sterile lemma equal, barely cov- 

 ering the obscurely pointed fruit. Branching state erect or nearly so, branches 

 mostly from the lower nodes, not in fascicles ; leaves and panicles not greatly 

 reduced. Low sandy ground, mostly pine land, s. N. J., and southw. 



6. Lanuginosa. Plants pilose at least on culms and sheaths; ligule 2-5 

 mm. long (rarely less) ; spikelets pubescent. (P. pubescens Am. authors, 

 not Lam.) 



38. P. huachucae Ashe. Plants typically stiff, with copoius spreading papil- 

 lose pubescence, harsh to the touch, commonly olivaceous, often purplish ; culms 

 2-6 dm. high, erect or nearly so ; nodes bearded with spreading hairs ; blades 

 firm, erect or ascending, 4-8 cm. long, 6-8 mm. wide, veins inconspicuous, upper 

 surface copiously short-pilose especially toward the base, lower surface densely 

 pubescent; ligule 3-4 mm. long; panicle 4-6 cm. long, nearly as wide, rather 

 densely flowered, the axis and often the branches pilose ; the flexuous fascicled 

 branches ascending or spreading, short spikelet-bearing branchlets at the base 

 of the fascicles ; spikelets 1.6-1.7 mm. long, obovate, obtuse, turgid; first glume 

 i- as long as the spikelet ; second glume and sterile lemma papillose-pilose, 

 subequal, slightly shorter than the obscurely apiculate fruit. Stiffly ascending 

 or spreading in the autumnal state; culms and sheaths sometimes papillose 

 only, the branches fascicled, the reduced crowded leaves ascending. (P. un- 

 ciphyllum of recent Am. auth., not Trin.) Prairies and open ground, Me. to 

 Minn., and south westw. A variable species, apparently intergrading with the 

 following and with P. implication. 



Var. silvicola Hitchc. & Chase. Taller and more slender, brighter green, less 

 densely pubescent ; blades thin, lax, and spreading, 5-10 cm. long, 6-10 mm. 

 wide, upper surface less densely pilose, lower surface appressed-pubescent, with 

 a satiny luster; panicle 5-8 (rarely 10) cm. long, the branches more spreading ; 

 spikelets the same length but elliptical and less turgid, with shorter pubescence. 

 More or less decumbent in the autumnal state, the numerous fascicled branches 

 shorter than the primary internodes, at least late in the season, the reduced 

 spreading leaves sometimes nearly glabrous above except for a few long hairs 

 .ear the base. (P. lanuginosum as described by Scribner & Merrill, not 

 11.) Woods and clearings, range of the typical form, but more common 

 southw. 



39. P. implicatum Scribn. Erect, 2-5.5 dm. high ; slender culms and 

 sheaths papillose-pilose ; ligule 4-5 mm. long ; blades 3-6 cm. long, 3-6 mm. wide, 

 rather lirm, erect or ascending ; upper surface pilose with erect hairs 3-4 mm. 

 long ; lower surface appressed-pubescent ; panicle 3-5 cm. long, nearly as wide, 



