134 GBAMTNEAE (GRASS FAMILY) 



nearly flat or involute ; panicle purplish, 1-2 cm. long, pyramidal, the slender 



branches ascending ; pedicels hairy at the summit ; spikelcts 5 mm. long ; glumes 

 shorter than the floret, mucronate ; callus-hairs less than half 

 the length of the scabrous lemma and palea, which are bristly- 

 bearded along the keels. (Calamagrostis Beck.) Sandy 

 swamps, pine-barrens of N. J. and N. C., rare. 



2. C. longif&lia (Hook.) Hack. Culms solitary, 6-18 dm. 

 high, from running rootstocks, stout ; sheaths usually pubescent, 

 at least on the margins ; leaves elongated, involute above and 

 tapering into a long thread-like point; panicle pale, 1.5-4.5 

 dm. long, narrow, the slender smooth branches erect or ascend- 

 ' ' 01 *' ing ; spikclets 6-7 mm. long ; glumes acute, the second equal to 

 or exceeding the floret: callus-hairs more than half the length 

 of the smooth lemma and palea. (Calamagrostis Hook.)- 



Sandy shores, Ont. to Rocky Mts., south w. to 111. and Kan., and south westw. 



July-Sept. FIG. 107. 



35. CALAMAGR6STIS Adans. REED BENT GRASS 



Spikelets 1-flowered ; rhachilla prolonged behind the palea into a hairy bristle 

 or pedicel ; glumes subequal, usually longer than the floret ; lemma awned on 

 the back, usually from below the middle, surrounded at base with copious long 

 hairs; palea shorter than the lemma, faintly 2-nerved. Tall often reed-like 

 perennials, with running rootstocks, simple mostly erect culms and many- 

 flowered panicles. (Name compounded of KdXa/xos, a reed, and Aypuxms, a 

 grass.) A difficult genus in which the awns and callus-hairs, although furnish- 

 ing the most used diagnostic features, are exceedingly variable. 



Awn bent, exserted more or less. 



Sheaths not bearded at the summit . . 1. C. PicJceringii. 



Sheaths bearded at the summit. 

 Palea about as long as the lemma; callus -hairs one fourth to one third 



as long 2. C. Porteri. 



Palea and callus-hairs three fourths as long as the lemma . . . 8. C. perplexa. 

 Awn straight, included. 

 Panicle loose and open, even after flowering. 



Spikelets 8-3.5 mm. long 4. C. edintdeiixix. 



Spikelets 5-6 mm. long 5. C. LanffidotfU, 



Panicle contracted, strict, the short branches erect or appressed after 



flowering. 



Rudiment hairy throughout. 

 Panicle dense, more or less spike-like ; leaves involute. 



Leaves smooth, soft ; rootstock slender 6. C. neglecta. 



Leaves roughish, rigid ; rootstocks stouter 7. C. hyi>< rlmr, n. 



'Panicle looser, the branches spreading at flowering time ... 8. C. in&epatua. 

 Rudiment with copious long hairs at the tip 9. C. cinnoides. 



* Awn strongly bent, exserted more or less,' callus-Jiairs usually much shorter 



than the lemma. 



1. C. Pickeringii Gray. Culms solitary or few, 3-5 dm. high, somewhat 

 rigid T scabrous below the panicle ; sheaths smooth ; blades flat, 4-10 cm. limit, 

 4-5 mm. wide, erect ; panicle purplish, 7-12 cm. long, the branches erect or 

 ascending ; spikelets 4 mm. long ; glumes acute, exceeding the obtuse scabrous 

 lemma, which bears a short stout bent (not twisted) awn from below tin- 

 middle ; callus-hairs %-\ the length of the lemma, wanting at the back. ( C. 

 breviseta Scribn.) Mts. of N. Y. and N. E. to Nfd., and northw. ; locally at 

 A in lover, Mass. (J. Robinson). Aug. -Sept. 



Var. lacustris (Kearney) Hitchc. Culms taller (5-10 dm. high); rootstocks 

 stouter ; leaves more or less involute ; panicle usually longer ; callus-hairs J-J as 

 long as the lemma. Mts. of N. E., and along the Great Lakes to Minn. 



1. C. PortSri Gray. Culms slender, 0-12 dm. high; blnden 1.5-3 dm. long, 

 4-8 mm. wide, flat, toper-pointed^ very ron///i. fn-nrtli'd <i tin- .>./(//.>< >rf (!>< //><,- 

 ligule 4-5 mm. long ; panicle narrow, 8-16 cm. long, rather loosely flowered, the 



