160 GRAMINEAE (GRASS FAMILY) 



10. G. borealis (Nash) Batchelder. Similar to G.fluitans; the leaves com- 

 monly conduplicate ; panicles 1.5-5 dm. long, often nearly simple, the slender 

 branches erect or spreading toward the ends, a pediceled spikelet in each axil ; 

 spikelets usually more numerous, 7-13-flowered, 1-1.5 cm. long, on slender 

 pedicels ^-f as long ; glumes subacute ; lemmas 3.5-4 mm. long, thinner, strongly 

 7-nerved, minutely scabrous or glabrous, only the nerves hispidulous, obtuse and 

 erose at the shining scarious summit, slightly exceeding their paleas. In wet 

 places or shallow water, Nfd. to la., and northwestw. June-Aug. 



11. G. acutiflbra Torr. Culms flattened, weak and slender, 3-9 dm. high; 

 sheaths overlapping, the uppermost inclosing the base of the panicle ; blades 

 0.8-1.5 dm. long, scabrous above; panicle simple, 1.5-3.5 dm. long, the stiff 

 branches appressed or finally spreading ; spikelets subsessile, 5-12-flowered, 2-4 

 cm. long ; lemmas 6-8 mm. long, acute, scabrous, exceeded by the long-acumi- 

 nate bicuspidate paleas. Wet soil and in shallow water, Me. to Del., w. to O. 

 May, June. 



74. PUCCINELLIA Parl. 



Spikelets as in Glyceria but lemmas firmer, the nerves obscure, often sub- 

 acute and minutely pubescent at base. Tufted perennials, mostly glaucous 

 saline species. (Named for Prof. Benedetto Puccinelli, an 

 Italian botanist.). 



1. P. maritima (Huds.) Parl. (GOOSE GRASS, SEA SPEAR 

 GRASS.) Culms erect, 3-5 dm. high, from slender rootxtocktt ; 

 leaves flat or involute, acute or pungent; panicles 8-12 cm. 

 long; lower branches solitary or in pairs, appressed or ex- 

 panded ; spikelets 4-10-flowered, 6-12 mm. Jong; lemmas obtuse 

 or truncate, 3-4 mm. long. Salt marshes and beaches along 

 the coast, Mass., and northw. July, Aug. Somewhat variable 

 172. P. uiantima. j the form of the pan i c i e an d s j ze o f t h e florets. (Eu.) 

 Panicle xVio- FlG . 1 72 . 



vf k 1 et 2V* 2> ?' an S ustata ( R - Br O Rand & Redfield. Culms erect or 



ascending, 1.5-4 dm. high, from very slender rontstocks ; leaves 

 very narrow and involute ; ligule long ; panicles 3-8 cm. long, narrow, the soli- 

 tary branches appressed or finally ascending ; spikelets 2-4-flowered, 3-6 mm. 

 long ; lemmas obtuse or subacute, 3 mm. or less long. (P. maritima, var. (?) 

 minor Wats.) Salt marshes and sandy coasts, Ct., and northw. June, July. 



3. P. distans (L.) Parl. No rootstocks ; culms rather stout, 3-6 dm. high, 

 geniculate below ; leaves mostly flat, short; ligule short; panicles 5-18 cm. long, 

 the branches in 4's or 5's, soon spreading and finally defiexed, 

 usually naked below ; spikelets 3-G-fiowcred, 3-6 mm. long, 

 crowded; first glume less than half as long as lowest floret; 

 lemmas truncate-obtuse, about 2 mm. long. Salt marshes along 

 the coast and on ballast, Del. to N. B. June-Aug. Apparently 

 much rarer than the last, and perhaps not native. (Eurasia, 

 n. Afr.) FIG. 173. !73 P 



4. P. airoides (Nutt.) Wats. & Coult. Similar in habit to pikelet x 3. 

 the preceding ; blades 5-10 cm. long, often involute ; panicle- 

 branches ascending or erect or the lowest finally spreading or reflexed ; spikcJrts 

 2-7-flowered, not crowded; glumes acute or subacute, the jir.f inon- th<m fur if 

 as long as the lowest floret. In saline soil from the Dakotas southw. and 

 westw. ; occasionally eastw. in Minn, and Mich. ; adv. in s. Me. (Parlhi). 



6. P. BOKKKKI (Bab.) Ilitchc. Panicle compact, tin- brtim'hi's ninntltj 

 let-bearing from base and not defiexed. On ballast and waste places along 

 the coast, from Del. to N. S. (Adv. from Eu.) 



75. FESTtJCA L. FESCUE GRASS 



Spikelets 2-many-flowered ; glumes unequal, narrow, acute, the first 1-, the 

 second 3-nerved ; lemmii firm in texture, at least below, usually narrow, ronvex 

 or subcarinate, -nerved, acute (obtuse in 2 species) or tapering into a straight 



