CYPERACEAE (SEDGE FAMILY) 209 



Leaves equaling or exceeding the culms . . .51. C. vulpinoidea. 

 Leaves distinctly shorter than the culms. 



Perigynia lanceolate or lance-ovate . . . 52. O. setacea. 

 Perigynia broad-ovate to suborbicular . . (5*) C. setacea, v. ambigua. 

 w. Perigynia drab to dark brown or purplish, plump, some- 



what biconvex. 

 Perigynia obovoid, narrow-margined, abruptly short- 



beaked ......... 58. C. decomposita, 



Perigynia ovoid, with rounded margins, tapering 



gradually to a beak. 



Inflorescence dark brown, stiff, dense, spiciform . 54. O. diandra. 

 Inflorescence light brown, flexuous, loose, sub- 



paniculate ....... (54) C. diandra, v. ramosa. 



vi. Perigynia prominently enlarged and spongy at base, con- 

 spicuously nerved, the slender beak much longer than 

 the body. 

 Perigynia 4-5 mm. long, tapering gradually from base 



to tip ........... 56. (7. stipata. 



Perigynia 6-9 mm. long, abruptly enlarged below into 



a disk-like base ........ 5T. C. crus-corvi. 



m. Rootstock slender and elongate ; culms mostly scattered, or if 



tufted bearing slender stolons at base z. 

 z. Perigynia thin-margined ; heads elongate, 2-8 cm. long, of 



numerous distinct spikes. 

 Perigynia wing-margined ; inner side of leaf-sheath carti- 



laginous to chartaceous, nerveless . . . . 58. C. ar en aria. 



Perigynia not wing-margined ; leaf-sheath green and uni- 



formly ribbed, except at the orifice . . . . 59. C. Sartwellii. 



z, Perigynia plump, not thin-margined ; heads ovoid to glo- 



bose, 0.5-1.5 cm. long, of few congested spikes. 



Perigynia flat on the inner face, faintly nerved . . 60. C. stenophylla. 



Perigynia plano-convex, strongly nerved . . . 61. C. chordorrhisa. 



1. Spike solitary, terminal, globular or short-ovoid . . . .62. C. capitata. 



2. Some of the spikes strictly pistillate ; stigmas 3 and achenes trigonous ; or, 

 if stigmas 2 and achenes lenticular, some of the spikes peduncled. EUCAREX 

 Griseb. A. 



A. Achenes lenticular or piano convex; stigmas 2 (very rarely and 

 exceptionally 3) ; perigynia beakless or very short-beaked, with 

 entire or merely emarginate orifice B. 

 B. Perigynia dull C. 



C. Scales aristate or subulate-tipped, much exceeding the perigynia ; 



pistillate spikes all peduncled D. 



D. Scales appressed-ascending ; basal sheaths rarely fibrillose. . 



Awns longer than the blades of the scales ; spikes on wide- 

 spreading or drooping capillary peduncles ; old leaves 

 revolute .......... 63. C. maritima. 



Awns shorter than the blades of the scales ; spikes strongly 



ascending ; old leaves involute . . . . 64. C. salina, v. cuspidata. 



D. Scales spreading ; basal leafless sheaths fibrillose. 

 Leaf-sheaths glabrous. 



Perigynia inflated, wrinkled in drying. 

 Spikes flexuous or drooping, the pistillate 3.5-10 cm. 



long .......... 65. C. crinita. 



Spikes suberect or spreading, 1-3.5 cm. long . . (65) C. crinita, v. minor. 



Perigynia tight, not inflated ..... (65) C. crinita v. Porteri. 



Leaf-sheaths scabrous-hispid. 



Pistillate spikes 2.5-10 cm. long, drooping . . (65) C. crinita, v. gynandra. 

 Pistillate spikes suberect or spreading, 1-3.5 cm. long (65) C. crinita, v. simulans. 

 C. Scales obtuse or acute, not aristate ; if subulate-tipped with the 



upper spikes mostly sessile E. 

 erinia co 



E. Perigynia compressed, lenticular or plano-convex F. 

 F. Culms solitary or few ; lower sheaths slightly if at all fibril- 



lose G. 



G. Perigynia nerveless //. 

 //. Perigynia plane, not twisted at tip /. 

 /. Culms leafy and tall, somewhat caespitose ; leaves 

 scabrous on the veins and margins ; basal off- 

 shoots chiefly erect J. 

 J. Green, scarcely glaucous ; pistillate spikes atten- 



uate at tip ...... 64. C. salina, v. cuspidata. 



J. Strongly glaucous ; pistillate spikes full and 



Bounded at tip. 

 Scales conspicuous, dark, nearly- or quite equal- 



ing the perigynia. 

 Scales blunt or acutish. 



Pistillate spikes 3-4.5 mm. thick . . .66. C. aquatilis. 



GRAY'S MANUAL 14 



