230 CYPERACEAE (SEDGE FAMILY) 



pale, few-nerved or nerveless, the beak very short and entire, or nearly so ; .sr<//r 

 trfiifixti. <>r broirn, i>ro<litc<'(l into a pale rough <iirn 3-8 times as long <is /// t ,/' 

 i/i/ninm. Brackish or saline shores, Lab. to Mass. June-Aug. (Eu.) Fi<;. 419. 



64. C. saliua Wahlenb., var. cuspidata Wahlenb. Rather stout. :{-{> dm. 

 high ; culm rather sharp, smooth ; leaves narrow (2-5 mm. wide) but flat ; pistillate 

 spikes 2-4, somewhat approximate, erect, 2-7 cm. long and rather thick, the 

 lower subtended by leaf-like bracts; staminate spikes 1-3; perigipnum elliptic, 

 somewhat granular, marked with 2 or 3 nerves, or nerveless, the minute beak 

 entire ; scale brown-margined^ mostly produced into a lighter and rough </n-,/ 

 much exceeding the perig^nium. Salt marshes, Lab. to Mass. Apparently 

 hybridizes with C. stricta. July, Aug. (Eu.) 



<M. C. crinita Lam. Robust and mostly stout, 0.3-1.6 m. high ; culm sharp and 

 rough or sometimes smooth ; leaves 4-10 mm. broad, flat, more o* less rough 

 on the nerves and margins, the lower short and at the base of the culm re- 

 duced to smooth fibrillose sheaths; pistillate spikes 3-6, somewhat scattered, all 

 variously peduncled, mostly secund, 3.5-10 cm. long, narrowly and evenly cylin- 

 dric, often staminate at tip ; staminate spikes usually 2, rarely pistillate at tip ; 

 i>< riyynia suborbicular to ovate, 2-3 mm. long, thin and inflated, bi'<-<miin<j 

 wrinkled in drying, nerveless, puncticulate or granular, with a minute entire 

 beak ; scales greenish-brown and rough-awned, 2-3 times as long as the peri- 

 gynia. Swales and damp thickets, generally common. Hybridizes with C. torta 

 and C. scabrata. June-Aug. 



Var. minor Boott. Much smaller in all parts ; 4-6 dm. high ; leaves 4-"> nun. 

 wide; spikes 1-3.5 cm. long, ascending; perigynia 2 mm. long; scales less 

 prominent. Me. to N. Y., scarce. 



Var. Portdri (Olney) Fernald. Like small C. crinita, but spikes very slen- 

 der ; perigynia compact, not inflated, oblong-lanceolate, distinctly beaked ; scales 

 lance-attenuate. (C. gynandra, var. Porteri Britton.) Moosehead Lake, Me. 

 (Porter). 



Var. gynandra (Schwein.) Schwein. & Torr. Harsher; leaves broad (4-12 

 mm.), the sheaths hispidulous ; culms tall; staminate spikes 1 or 2, generally 

 pistillate above ; pistillate spikes soft, loosely flowered, drooping, 2.5-10 on. 

 long; perigynia ascending, elliptic or ovate-lanceolate, 3-4 mm. long, subin- 

 flated. (C. gynandra Schwein.) Nfd. to Wise., and in the mts. to Ga. 



Var. simulans Fernald. Harsh as in var. gynandra; low ; leaves 4-6 mm . broad ; 

 spikes suberect, the terminal androgynous, 1-3.5 cm. long, scarcely drooping; 

 perigynia 3 mm. long. Nfd. to Vt. and Mass., chiefly in the mts. 



66. C. aquatilis Wahlenb. Glaucous, 3-9 dm. high; cit/m /// obtuse and 

 smooth; leaves cxc<'H >/<//;/ long, 4-7 nun. broad, the bracts broad and pro- 

 longed far beyond the culm ; pistillate spikes 3-5, 1.5-5.5 cm. long, very com- 

 pact or the lowest sometimes attenuate below, erect; perigynia round-ovate or 

 broadly elliptic, nerveless, greenish, imbricated ; *<-til<-s dark, nlioi-t<-i- ffi</n or 

 equaling the peri<jyni. Swamps and lake margins. Que. to B. C., s. to the 

 Potomac R., w. N. Y., Ind., etc. June-Aug. (Eurasia.) 



Var. elatior Bab. Robust, 0.0-1.5 m. high ; leaves 6-8 mm. broad ; jn'stil /</(>' 

 spikes stout and heavy, 3.5-8 cm. long. Me. to Man., s. to N. Y.. <>., and Mich. 



Var. cuspidata Laestad. Spikes slender, 3-4 mm. thick ; scales cuspidate, 

 exceeding tin- pt-riijunia. Local, Que. to N. J. 



Var. vir6scens Anders. ,sVw/r.s t ,,tle. and short, hidden by the crowded peri- 

 gynia. Local, Vt. to Out, and Mich. 



i7. C. rfgida Good. Somewhat stolon if from*, low (0.5-4.") dm. high); /n-<s 



*hrti i' (It'in the mostly smooth <-nlms, rather crowded at base, smooth, dark 



M, linn, broad (3-7 mm.), becoming i-i-rolnd' in iltytng ; pistillate spik'-* 



I-."). snlnilnh<mi- to s/iurf-ri/H ,,'/ri<\ (folUft 0.5-2.5 C1I1. It'll-. i-'> mill, thick, the 



lowest bractless i>r leat'v-l>ractel ; staminate spike 1 (rarely '2], sometimes pistil- 

 late at base; f,i rlijijnin i ////>f i<-, greenish or ])iirplish ; *((//< s i>//i/if/<\ f-ron-n In 

 inu'i>h'-bl,/i-k. Arctic ivuions, south to mts. of < v )iu-., Uocky Mts.. etc. .July. 

 Auu r . (I'-nrasia.) -Passing to the formal \'ar. Bn.Ki.mvn (Torr.) Tuckerm., 

 with )n'*tflhiti- *,<//,< * ilnHinite (1.5-4 cm. long, 2 ;">-."> mm. thick), the lower 

 <it lmx< . Extending s. to mts. of n. N. E. and N. Y. (Eu.) 



