CYPERACEAE (SEDGE FAMILY) 



253 



171. C. gigantea Rudge. Loosely caexpitose or somewhat stoloniferous, stout, 

 0.5-1.2 m. high ; leaves 0.7-1.5 cm. broad; staminate spikes 2-4 ; pistillate 2-4, 

 scattered, the lowest long-peduncled and remote, rather 

 loosely flowered, 3-7 cm. long, 2-2.7 cm. thick; peri- 

 gynia swollen below but very abruptly contracted into 

 a slender beak 3-4 times as long as the body, spreading 

 at right angles or nearly so, never 

 becoming yellow ; scales narrow, 

 smooth. (C. grandis Bailey.) 

 Swamps, Del., Ky., and Mo., south w. 

 July-Sept. FIG. 541. 



172. C. Iupulif6rmis Sartwell. 

 Stout, tall, 0.0-1.2 m. high; leaves 

 0.6-1.3 cm. broad, conspicuously 

 elongate ; bracts broad and far ex- 

 ceeding the culm ; staminate spike 

 usually peduncled ; pistillate spikes 

 3-5, 3-8 cm. long, cylindrical (2-3.5 ^ c gigantea . 

 cm. thick), at least the lower pe- 

 duncled, erect or ascending, somewhat scattered or the 

 upper approximate, becoming yellowish brown ; perigynia 

 Vf narrowly conic-ovoid, 1.3-2 cm. long, mostly twice exceed- 



ing the firm lance-attenuate scales, ascending. (C. lupu- 

 lina, var. polystachya Schwein. & Torr.) Rich swamps, 

 meadows, and prairies, Vt. to Minn., s. to Del. , 111. , and 

 La. July-Oct. FIG. 542. 



173. C. lupulina Muhl. Very stout and leafy, 4-9 dm. 

 high ; leaves 0.6-1 cm. broad, loose ; bracts broad and 

 elongate ; pistillate spikes 2-6, approximate at the top of 

 the culm, all closely sessile or the lower sometimes short- 

 peduncled, thick-cylindrical to subglobose, very heavy and 

 densely flowered, 3-6 cm. long, 2-3 cm. thick; staminate 

 spike sessile; perigynia much inflated, rather soft, 1.3-2 

 cm. long, erect or but slightly spreading, giving the spike 

 a hop-like aspect (whence the name); scales firm, lance- 

 ovate, mostly much shorter than the perigynia. Swamps 



and wet woods N. B., to Ont., la., and south w. July- 

 Oct. FIG. 543. Frequently hybridizes with other 

 species. 



Var. pedunculata Dewey. Often taller ; spikes more 

 or less scattered, some or all prominently peduncled; 

 staminate spike usually conspicuous, generally pe- 

 duncled; perigynia more spreading. Locally more 

 abundant. 



174. C. Grayii Carey. Rather stout, 0.3-1 m. high ; 

 leaves 6-11 mm. wide, flat, harsh, pale green; pistillate 

 spikes 1 or 2, the lowest often peduncled, perfectly 

 globular and compactly 6-30-flowered, the perigynia 

 firm., much inflated, glabrous, 1.5-2 cm. long, spread- 

 ing or deflexed and prominently many-nerved. (C. 

 Asa-Grayi Bailey.) Wet alluvial woods and meadows, 

 w. N. E.'to Ont., la., and Mo., local. June-Oct. FIG. 

 544. 



Var. hispidula Gray. Perigynia hispidulous. 

 to Mo., and southw. 



54 175. C. intum^scens Rudge. Slender, 0.3-1 m. 



high ; leaves and bracts 3-8 mm. wide, soft, much elongate, dark green ; pistil- 

 late spikes 1-3, subglobose or short-ovoid, loosely 1-12-flowered ; the perigynia 

 thin, bladdery, green, 1-1.5 cm. long, 5-8 mm. thick, spreading, many- 

 nerved. Swamps, meadows, and alluvial woods, throughout ; the typical 



54S. C. lupulina. 



