LILIACEAE (LILY FAMILY) 295 



ribbed and netted-veined simple leaves. (An ancient Greek name, of obscure 

 meaning.) 



1. Stems herbaceous, not prickly ; flowers carrion-scented; ovules 2 in each 

 cell; leaves membranous, mucronate-tipped ; berries bluish-black with a 

 bloom. 



1. S. herbacea L. (CARRION-FLOWER.) Stem climbing, 1-5 m. high; leaves 

 ovate or rounded, mostly heart-shaped or truncate at base, abruptly acute to 

 short-acuminate, 7-9-nerved, smooth ; petioles 1-4 cm. long ; peduncles 4-20 

 cm. long, often much exceeding the leaves, 20-40-flowered ; seeds 2-6. Moist 

 meadows and river-banks, common, N. B. to Man. and Tex. June. Variable. 

 Var. PULVERULENTA (Michx.) Gray. Leaves sparingly to densely puberulent 

 on the veins beneath. (S. pulverulenta Michx.) Pa. to Ont., w. to Mont, and 

 Kan. 



2. S. tamnifblia Michx. Stem upright or climbing ; leaves mostly 5-nerved, 

 smooth, broadly ovate to lanceolate, truncate or cordate at base, abruptly 

 acute to acuminate, some of them hastate with broad rounded lobes; peduncles 

 longer than the petioles; berry smaller, 2-3-seeded. Pine-barrens, Pa. and 

 N. J. to S. C. 



3. S. ecirrhata (Engelm.) Wats. Erect, 1.5-9 dm. high, without tendrils 

 (or only the uppermost petioles tendril-bearing) ; lower leaves reduced to narrow 

 scale-like bracts, the rest thin, 5-7-nerved, broadly ovate-elliptical to roundish, 

 acute, mostly cordate at base, 4-12 cm. long, pubescent beneath; peduncles and 

 petioles 3-7 cm. long ; umbels 10-20-flowered ; berry 3-seeded. O. and Md. to 

 S. C., Wise., "Minn.," and Mo. 



2. Stems woody, often prickly ; ovules solitary ; glabrous throughout. 



* Leaves ovate or roundish, etc., most of them rounded or heart-shaped at base, 

 and 5-9-nerved, the three middle nerves or ribs stronger and more con- 

 spicuous. 



-*- Peduncles (4-13 mm. long} shorter or scarcely longer than the petioles, flat- 

 tened ; leaves thickish, green both sides. 



4. S. Walter! Pursh. Stem low, somewhat angled, prickly near the base or 

 unarmed ; leaves ovate to ovate-lanceolate or oblong, somewhat heart-shaped 

 or rounded at base (5-11 cm. long): berries coral-red. Pine-barrens, N. J. to 

 Fla. 



5. S. rotundifblia L. (COMMON GREEN BRIER, HORSE BRIER.) Stem as well 

 as the terete branches armed with scattered prickles ; branchlets more or less 

 4-angular ; leaves ovate or round-ovate, often broader than long, slightly heart- 

 shaped, abruptly short-pointed, obscurely denticulate or entire ; berries blue- 

 black, with a bloom. Moist thickets, N. S. to Ga., w. to Minn, and Tex. 



Very variable, passing into var. QCADRANGULARIS (Muhl.) Wood., which has 

 branches, and especially branchlets, 4-angular, and is more common westw. 



-i- H- Peduncle longer than but seldom twice the length of the short petiole, flat- 

 tened; leaves tardily deciduous or partly persistent; berries black, with a 

 bloom. 



6. S. glaiica Walt. (SAW BRIER.) Terete branches and somewhat 4-an- 

 gular glaucous branchlets armed with scattered stout prickles, or naked ; leaves 

 ovate, rarely subcordate, glaucous beneath and sometimes also above (5-7 cm. 

 long), abruptly mucronate, the edges smooth and naked. Dry thickets, e. 

 Mass, to Fla., w. to Tex. 



7. S. B&na-nox L. Branches and the angular (often square) branchlets 

 sparsely armed with short rigid prickles ; leaves varying from round-heart- 

 shaped and slightly contracted above the dilated base to fiddle-shaped and hal- 

 berd-shaped or 3-lobed, green and shining both sides, cuspidate-pointed, the 

 margins often somewhat bristly-ciliate or spinulose. (S. tamnoides Man. ed. 5 ; 

 probably not L.) Thickets /Nantucket, Mass.; N. J. to Fla., w. to 111., Mo., 

 and Tex. 



