OKCHIDACEAE (ORCHIS FAMILY) 317 



ovary. Lip slightly adherent to the base of the compressed column. Anther 

 terminal ; pollen-masses 4. soft-waxy, free. Brownish or yellowish herbs des- 

 titute of green foliage, with much branched and toothed coral-like underground 

 rootless stems, sending up a simple scape which has sheaths in place of leaves, 

 and a raceme of lurid flowers. Fruit reflexed. (Name*composed of KopdXXiov, 

 coral, and pifa, root.) 



* Lip '3-lobed, or with a curved tooth on each side of base. 

 -- Lip white, not spotted. 



1 . C. trifida Chatelain. Plant slender, yellowish, 4-19 cm. high, 4-12-flowered ; 

 perianth 5 mm. long ; lip white, somewhat hastately 3-lobed above the base, 

 with thick rather short lamellae ; spur a very small protuberance ; 



capsule ovoid or ellipsoid, green until mature. (O. innata R. Br. ; 

 C. Corallorrhiza Karst.) Wet shaded situations, Nfd. to Alaska, 

 s. to N. J., Pa., ()., Mich., Minn., and in the mts. to Ga. May- 

 July. (Eurasia.) FIG. 633. 



-t- 1- Lip white, spotted with magenta-crimson. 



2. C. maculata Raf. Plant stout, madder-purple or yellow- 

 ish, 2-4 dm. high, 10-30-flowered ; perianth 5-18 mm. long ; lip 

 deeply 3-lobed, lateral lobes small, middle lobe rather square, 

 rounded at the apex ; two narrow longitudinal lamellae near 



middle of lip ; column yellow, with magenta spots on the inner surface ; cap- 

 sule smooth, inflated, compressed. (C. multiflora Nutt.) Woods. July, Aug. 

 Pale forms, without spots on the lip, petals or sepals, occur rarely. 



* * Lip entire or margin denticulate. 

 H- Lip without striations or conspicuous veins. 



3. C. Wisteriana Conrad. Plant 1.5-4 dm. high, yellowish or madder-purple; 

 flowers 12-10 in a loose raceme ; perianth about 7 mm. long; sepals and petals 

 more or less spreading ; lip 5 mm. long, 4 mm. broad, oval or suborbicular, 

 retuse, margin denticulate or undulate ; callosities linear. (C. maculata Greene, 

 not Raf.) Woods, Pa. and southw. Spring. 



4. C. odontorhiza ]Sutt. Plant slender, bulbous-thickened at base, light 

 brown or madder-purple, about 16 cm. high, 6-20-flowered ; perianth about 

 4 mm. long; sepals and petals scarcely spreading, one-nerved; lip 2.5-3 mm. 

 long, white, spotted with magenta-crimson, oval or broadly ovate, abruptly con- 

 tracted at base, with two short inconspicuous lamellae ; capsule globular or 

 ovoid ; column nearly as long as the petals. (Includes C. micrantha Chapm.) 

 Woods; a southern species extending sparingly northw. to s. Me., s. Ont. 

 and 111. Aug., Sept. 



-- t- Lip conspicuously striate-veined with madder-purple. 



5. C. striata Lindl. Plants stout, madder-purple, 15-40 cm. high, 15-25- 

 flowered ; perianth about 8 mm. long ; sepals and petals with three madder- 

 purple nerves ; lip somewhat concave, ovate, with two short lamellae near the 

 base ; capsule cylindrical. Woods ; a northwestern species, rare and local as 

 far east as Mich, and Ont. May, June. 



12. MALAXIS Soland. 



Sepals lanceolate, spreading. Petals much smaller. Lip 3-nerved, lanceolate, 

 apiculate, shorter than the lateral sepals. Small plants with minute flowers in 

 elongated racemes. (Md\ctis, a softening, perhaps in allusion to the tender 

 nature of the plant.) 



1. M. paludbsa (L.) Sw. Scape filiform, 7-10 cm. high ; leaves 2-5, basal, 

 ovate, obtuse. New York Mills, Otter Tail Co., Minn. (//. L. Lyon), the only 

 American station known. (Eurasia.) 



