OKCHIDACEAE (ORCHIS FAMILY) 



319 



bract. (C. borealis Salisb.) Deep mossy woods, across the continent north w., 

 very locally south to n. N. E., Mich., Minn., Ariz., and Cal. May-July. (Eu.) 



16. APLECTRUM (Nutt.) Torr. PUTTY-ROOT. ADAM-AND-EVE 



Perianth neither gibbous nor with any trace of a spur or sac at base. Lip 

 free, 3-lobed, with three longitudinal crests. Column compressed ; pollen- 

 masses 4. Scape about 4 dm. high, from near the summit of a globular bulb. 

 Leaf solitary ; petiole distinct. The slender naked rootstock produces each year 

 a globular solid bulb or corm, often 2.5 cm. in diameter (tilled 

 with exceedingly glutinous matter), which sends up late in sum- 

 mer a large oval many-nerved plaited leaf lasting through the 

 winter ; early in the succeeding summer the scape appears, ter- 

 minated by a loose raceme of lurid flowers. (The name is com- 

 posed of a- privative, and ir\T)KTpov, a spur, from the total want 

 of the latter. ) 



1. A. hyemale (Muhl.) Torr. Flowers about 10 ; sepals ob- 

 long, greenish or yellowish, tinged with madder-purple ; petals 

 shorter, arching over the column, oblong, obtuse, yellowish, 

 tinged with madder-purple above ; lip white or nearly so, spar- 

 ingly marked with magenta. (A. Shortii Rydb.) "Rich woods, Vt. to Sask., 

 and southw., local. May, June. FIG. 637. Pale forms occur devoid of mark- 

 ings on the perianth. 



7. A. hyemale 



X 2 /3- 



17. TIPULARIA Nutt. CRANE FLY ORCHIS 



Flowers greenish, tinged with madder-purple, numerous in an elongated 

 loose bractless raceme. Sepals oblong-oval, obtuse, upper sepal narrower. 

 Petals oblong, obtuse. Lip with a slender spur, 3-lobed ; lateral 

 lobes obtuse, obscurely toothed ; apical lobes broad at base, margin 

 deflexed at the middle, apex expanded. Column wingless ; anther 

 operculate, terminal ; pollen-masses 2, waxy, each 2-parted, con- 

 nected by a linear stalk with the transverse small gland. Corms 

 connected in a horizontal series, producing in autumn a single ovate 

 slender-petioled nerved and plaited leaf, purplish beneath, and 

 in summer a long slender scape. (Name from a fancied resem- 

 blance of the flowers to insects of the genus Tipula.') 



1. T. discolor (Pursh) Nutt. Leaf green above, purplish 

 T discolor ^ eneatn i disappearing before the flowers are produced ; scape 

 x ' 2 / 25-45 cm. high ; spur about 2 cm. long, twice longer than the 



ovary. (T. unifolia BSP.) A southern species, extending 

 northw. to N. J. ; reported but unverified from farther north. FIG. 638. 



18. HEXALECTRIS Raf. 



Sepals and petals nearly equal, free, somewhat spreading, several-nerved ; 

 perianth not gibbous or spurred at base. Lip obovate, 3-lobed, with 5 or 6 

 prominent ridges down the middle, the middle lobe somewhat concave. 

 Pollen-masses 8, united into a single fascicle. Leafless plants 

 with stout or somewhat coralline annulated rootstocks. (Name 

 probably derived from , six, and e\eKTpv6v, a cock, from the 

 crest of the lip.) 



1. H. aphylla (Nutt.) Raf. Plants 3-6 dm. high, with 

 short sheathing purplish scales ; flowers racemed, bracteate, 

 madder-purple, about 2 cm. long ; sepals narrowly oval, obtuse ; 639. H. aphylla x 2 /a- 

 petals shorter, similar. (Arethusa spicata Walt. ?) Rich 

 woods, Ky., Mo., and southw. July, Aug. TIG. 639. 



Flower. 

 Expanded lip. 





