FAGACEAE (BEECH FAMILY) 



343 



. half of the dark-brown puberulent often 



lyfl i striped ellipsoid to subglobose small (1.2-2 



l\ l/f cm ' ^ on y) (tcorn ; leaves smooth and lus- 



11 / \L/ / trous in age, with axillary tnfls beneath, 



) Y\ I If becoming yellow or pale brown in autumn, 



tj \\J / the 5-7 oblong lobes coarsely toothed at suin- 



\T \ / ., mit ; bark gray, close and smooth, or in age 



\ \ / ^ ""^y shallowly fissured. light tjello w within. Clay 



\ \ >/ / or gravel, s. Mich, to Man. and la. A me- 



\ \ / V^ dium-sized tree, in habit said to resemble the 



\ \l y^ eastern Q. pal tint r is. FIG. 683. 



+J xx^ ] '(s y /^ 16. Q. velutina Lam. (QUERCITRON, YEL- 



\ \^~ /Jfe! LOW-KARKEP or BLACK O.) Cup turbtnate, 



\ \ I ^ T$t$'fc<~, ' or ln' mi ' it ph fi 'i ct rt w'th a conical l>anc. 1.8- 



\ \ | ^^^^^^^- 2.8 cm. broad, its upper pubescent thin light- 



\ \| ^^C^5^^^ ohostnut scales loosely imbricated or squar- 



\ YT rose when dry ; acorns ovoid to hemispherical, 



^^l^^^y 1.2-2 cm. long, light-brown, often pubescent; 



y[ / 4' leaves variously divided, ordinarily with hairy 



11^^ tufts in the axils beneath, turning brownish, 



e^ orange, or dull red in autumn ; bark dark- 



'M. i>. volutina. brown and rough, internally oranc/e. (Q. 



tinctoria Bartr. ; Q. coccinea, var. tinctoria 



A. DC.) Dry or gravelly uplands, s. Me. to w. Ont., 



and south w. The bark is largely used in tanning. 



FIG. 684. Var. MISSOURIENSIS Sarg. Leaves with 



permanent rusty pubescence beneath, and cup-scales 



tomentose. Mo. and Ark. 



17. Q. falcata Michx. (SPANISH O.) Leaves gray- 

 ixh-doirny or fitlcons underneath, 3-5-lobed above 

 (sometimes entire); the lobes prolonged, mostly nar- 

 row and more or less scythe-shaped, especially the 

 terminal one, entire or sparingly cut-toothed ; acorn 

 globose, 8-10 mm. long; cup saucer-shaped with a 

 somewhat top-shaped base and about half the length 

 of the acorn. (Q. digitata Sudworth ; Q. pagodae- 

 folia Ashe.) Dry or sandy soil, N. J. to Fla.; and 

 "from s. Ind. to Mo. and Tex. A large or small tree, 

 extremely variable in foliage; bark excellent for tan- 

 ning. Fu;. (>S">. 



18. Q. ilicifblia Wang. (BEAR or BLACK SCKIH 

 O.) Dwarf (1-8, rarely 6. in. high), straggling; 

 leaves (5-10 cm. long) thickish, oborate, wedge- 

 shaped at base, angularly about 5(8-7WoftZ, 

 white-downy beneath; lobes short and triangular, 



spreading ; acorn 10-12 mm. 

 long. ( Q. nana Sarg. ) Sandy 

 barrens and rocky hills, N. E. to O. and Ky. 



186. Q. falcata. 



FIG. 



19. Q. nigra L. (WATER O.) Leaves 

 glabrous and shining. o&ovafcMJpofltiato 



or narrowly wcdgc-fornt, trith a long 

 tapering base and an often obscurely 

 8-lobed summit, varying to oblanceolate. 

 ( Q. aq u a t ic < i W aft A Wet ground , 

 around ponds, etc., Del. to the Gulf; 

 and from Ky. and Mo. to Tex. Tree 

 8-12 m. high ; running into many vari- 

 eties, especially southw. ; the leaves on 

 seedlings and strong shoots often in- 



0>7. Q.nlgnu 



