I 



SANTALACEAE (SANDALWOOD FAMILY) 349 



1. L. canadensis (L.) Gaud. Stem 6-9 dm. high; leaves ovate, pointed, 

 strongly feather-veined (7-15 cm. long), long-petioled ; fertile cymes divergent ; 

 stipule single, 2-cleft. ( Urticastrum divaricatum Ktze.) Rich woods, N. B. 

 to Out., Minn., and south vv. July-Sept. 



11. PILEA Lindl. RICHWEED. CLEARWEED 



Flowers monoecious or dioecious. Ster. JFl. Sepals and stamens 3-4. Pert. 

 Fl. Sepals 3, more or less unequal, a rudiment of a stamen commonly before 

 each in the form of a hooded scale. Stingless, mostly glabrous and low 

 herbs, with united stipules ; the staminate flowers often mixed with the fertile. 

 (Named from the shape of the larger sepal of the fertile flower in the original 

 species, which partly covers the achene, like the pileus, or felt cap, of the 

 Romans.) 



1. P. pumila (L.) Gray. Low (1-5 dm. high); stems smooth and shining, 

 pellucid ; leaves ovate, coarsely toothed, pointed, 3-ribbed and veiny ; flower- 

 clusters much shorter than the petioles ; sepals of the fertile flowers lanceolate, 

 scarcely unequal. (Adicea Raf.) Cool and moist shaded places. July-Sept. 



12. BOEHMERIA Jacq. FALSE NETTLE 



Flowers monoecious or dioecious, clustered ; the sterile much as in Urtica ; 

 the fertile with a tubular or urn-shaped entire or 2-4-toothed calyx inclosing 

 the ovary. Style elongated-awl-shaped, stigmatic and papillose down one 

 side. Achene elliptical, closely invested by the dry and persistent compressed 

 calyx. No stings. (Named after G. R. Boehmer, professor at Wittenberg in 

 the 18th century.) 



1. B. cylindrica (L.) Sw. Perennial, smoothish or somewhat pubescent ; stem 

 (3-9 dm. high) simple; leaves chiefly opposite (rarely all alternate), ovate to 

 ovate- or oblong-lanceolate, pointed, serrate, 3-nerved ; stipules distinct ; petioles 

 mostly elongated; flowers dioecious, or the two kinds intermixed, the small 

 clusters densely aggregated in simple and elongated axillary spikes, the sterile 

 interrupted, the fertile often continuous, frequently leaf-bearing at the apex. 

 Moist or shady ground, centr. Me. to Ont., and southw. Very variable. 



Var. scabra Porter. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, less sharply pointed, smaller, 

 and scabrous-pubescent. N. J. and Pa. , and southw. and westw. 



13. PARIETARIA [Tourn.] L. PELLITORY 



Flowers monoeciously polygamous ; the staminate, pistillate, and perfect 

 intermixed in the same cymose axillary clusters ; the sterile much as in the 

 last ; the fertile with a tubular or bell-shaped 4-lobed and nerved calyx inclosing 

 the ovary and the ovoid achene. Homely diffuse or tufted herbs, not stinging, 

 with alternate entire 3-ribbed leaves, and no stipules. (The ancient Latin 

 name, because growing on old walls.) 



1. P. pennsylvanica Muhl. Low, annual, simple or sparingly branched, 

 minutely downy ; leaves oblong-lanceolate, thin, veiny, roughish, with opaque 

 dots ; flowers shorter than the involucre ; stigma sessile. Shaded rocky banks, 

 Little Cranberry I., Me. (Redfield} ; e. Mass, and Vt. to Ont., Minn., and 

 . southw. June-Aug. 



1*. DEBILIS Forst., with small ovate leaves (8-11 mm. long), few-flowered 

 axillary clusters, and short involucres (about equaling the flowers'), has been 

 found once on Pautuckaway Mt., s.e. N. H. (Eaton}, where probably of casual 

 introduction. (Eurasia, Pacific N. Am., S. Am.) 



SANTALACEAE (SANDALWOOD FAMILY) 



Herbs, shrubs, or trees, with entire leaves the 4-5-cleft calyx valvate in the 

 bud, its tube coherent with the l-celled ovary ; ovules 2-4, suspended from the 



