i 



RANUNCULACEAE (CROWFOOT FAMILY) 403 



2. C. ligusticifblia Nutt. Very similar, but the leaves 5-foliolate or quinate- 

 ternate ; leaflets small, 1.5-4 cm. broad, pale green, thickish, of linn texture. 

 Mo. (Bush), Neb., and w. to the Pacific. 



2. VIORNA Reichenb. Flowers large, solitary on long peduncles, usually 

 nodding. Sepals thick, erect and connivent at base, mostly dull purple. 

 Petals none. Anthers linear. 



* Stems climbing; leaves at least in part pinnate ; calyx (and foliage) gla- 



brous or puberulent. 



+- Tails of fruit plumose. 



3. C. Vi6rna L. (LEATHER FLOWER.) Calyx ovoid and at length bell- 

 shaped ; the purplish sepals (2-3 cm. long) very thick and leathery, wholly con- 

 nivent or only the tips recurved ; long tails of the fruit very plumose ; leaflets 

 3-7, ovate or oblong, sometimes slightly cordate, 2-3-lobed or entire, not reticu- 

 lated; uppermost leaves often simple. (C. glaucophylla and C. flaccida Small.) 

 Rich soil, Pa. to Mo., and south w. May-Aug. 



4. C. Addisbnii Britton. Suberect, 6-9 dm. high ; leaves all or many of 

 them simple, sessile, broadly ovate, deep green above, glaucous beneath, obtuse, 

 the later ones pinnate with prehensile petiolules and elliptic ovate leaflets; 

 flowers and fruit as in C. Viorna. Alluvial soil, Va. (Addison Brown), N. C., 

 and Tenn. x C. VIORNIOIDES Britton is intermediate between this and C. 

 Viorna. 



5. C. versicolor Small. Climbing, glabrous or nearly so ; leaves pinnate ; 

 leaflets oval, reticulated; sepals lanceolate, glabrous on the outer surface, 

 slightly recurved at the tip ; achenes with plumose tails. Dry ledges, Mo. 

 (Bush}, and Ark. (according to Small). 



I- H- Tails of fruit silky or glabrate. 



6. C. Pitchdri T. & G. Calyx bell-shaped ; the dull purplish sepals with 

 narrow and slightly margined recurved points ; tails of the fruit filiform and 

 naked or shortly villous ; leaflets 3-9, ovate or somewhat cordate, entire or 3- 

 lobed, much reticulated; uppermost leaves often simple. (C. Simsii of auth., 

 not Sweet according to Gray.) S. Ind. to Neb. and Tex. June. 



7. C. crispa L. Calyx cylindrical below, the upper half of the bluish-purple 

 sepals (2.5-4 5 cm. long) dilated and widely spreading, with broad and wavy 

 thin margins; tails of the fruit silky or glabrate ; leaflets 5-9, thin, varying 

 from ovate or cordate to lanceolate, entire or 3-5-parted. (C. cylindrica.Sims.) 

 Va. near Norfolk, and south w. May-Aug. 



* * Low and erect, mostly simple ; flowers solitary, terminal; leaves sessile or 



nearly so, undivided, strongly reticulated. 



C. ochroleuca Ait. Leaves broadly ovate, entire or sometimes 3-lobed, 

 silky beneath ; sepals yellowish within ; peduncles long ; tails of the fruit tawny- 

 plumose, the achenes nearly symmetrical, 3.5 mm. broad. Copses, s. N. Y. to 

 Ga. ; rare. May. 



9. C. ovata Pursh. Very similar in habit ; leaves narrowly ovate, entire, 

 glabrate; sepals purplish; achenes oblique, 4-5 mm. broad, their silky tails 

 white or nearly so. Dry slaty hillsides, White Sulphur Springs, W. Va. to 

 S. C. 



10. C. Frem6ntii Wats. Leaves crowded, thick, often coarsely toothed, 

 sparingly villous-tomentose ; peduncles very short ; tails villous or glabrate, not 

 plumose. Mo., Neb., and Kan. 



3. ATRAGENE DC. Some of the outer filaments enlarged and more or less 

 petaloid ; peduncles bearing single large flowers; the thin sepals widely 

 spreading. 



11. C. verticillaris DC. Woody-stemmed climber, almost glabrous; leaves 

 trifoliolate, with slender common and partial petioles ; leaflets ovate or 

 slightly heart-shaped, pointed; flower pinkish-purple, 5-7.5 cm. across; tails 

 of the fruit plumose, 5 cm. long. (Atragene americana Sims.) Rocky 







