PAPAVERACEAE ( POPPY FAMILY) 415 



* Petals 8-12, not crumpled in the bud ; pod 1-celled, 2-valved. 



1. Sanguinaria. Petals white. Leaves and 1-flowered scape from a short rootstock. 



* * Petals 4, crumpled in the bud ; pod with 2 or more valves. 



Pod 2-4-valved, the valves separating to the base from the placentae ; leaves pinnately parted ; 



flowers yellow. 



2. Stylophorum. Pod bristly ; style distinct ; stigmas and placentae 8-4. 



3. Chelidonium. Pod linear, smooth ; style almost none ; stigmas and placentae 2. 



4. Glaucium. Pod rough, long-linear, 2-celled by a spongy partition ; style none. 



-j- -i- Pod 4-20-valved, dehiscent only at the top or to the middle. 



5. Papaver. Ovary incompletely many-celled ; stigmas united into a radiate sessile crown. 



6. Argemone. Stigmas (sessile) and placentae 4-6. Pod and leaves prickly. 



1. SANGUINARIA [Dill.] L. BLOODROOT 



Sepals 2. Petals 8-12, spatulate-oblong. Stamens about 24. Style short ; 

 stigma 2-grooved. Pod ellipsoid or fusiform, turgid, 1-celled, 2-valved. Seeds 

 with a large crest. Low perennial ; its thick prostrate rootstocks (surcharged 

 with red-orange acrid juice) sending up in earliest spring a palmate-lobed leaf 

 and 1-flowered scape. Flower white, handsome, the bud erect, the petals not 

 crumpled. (Name from the color of the juice.) 



1. S. canadensis L. Open rich woods ; common. Apr., May. 



BOCCONIA CORDATA Willd., the PLUME POPPY, a stout plant with glaucous 

 cordate lobed leaves, and panicles of small greenish apetalous flowers, is frequent 

 in cultivation and has been found as an escape in Madison Co., O. (Mrs. Sharp). 

 (Introd. from China.) 



2. STYL6PHORUM Nutt. CELANDINE POPPY 



Sepals 2, hairy. Petals 4. Style distinct, columnar; stigma 2-4-lobed. 

 Pods bristly, 2-4-valved to the base. Seeds conspicuously crested. Perennial 

 low herbs, with stems naked below and oppositely 2-leaved, or sometimes 1-3- 

 leaved, and umbellately 1 -few-flowered at the summit ; the flower-buds and the 

 pods nodding. Leaves pinnately parted or divided. Juice yellow. (From 

 o-rOXos, style, and (frtpeiv, to bear, one of the distinctive characters.) 



1. S. diphyllum (Michx.) Nutt. Leaves pale beneath, smoothish, deeply 

 pinnatirid into 5 or 7 oblong sinuate-lobed divisions, and the root-leaves often 

 with a pair of small distinct leaflets; peduncles equaling the petioles ; .flower 

 deep yellow (5 cm. broad) ; stigmas 3 or 4 ; pod ovoid. Damp woods, w. Pa. to 

 Wise., " Mo.," and Tenn. May. Foliage and flower resembling Celandine. 



3. CHELIDONIUM [Tourn.] L. CELANDINE 



Sepals 2. Petals 4. Stamens 16-24. Style almost none ; stigma 2-lobed. 

 Pod linear-cylmdric, smooth, 2-valved, the valves opening from the bottom up- 

 ward. Seeds crested. Biennial herb with brittle stems, saffron-colored acrid 

 juice pinnately divided or 2-pinnatifid and toothed or cut leaves, and small yel- 

 low flowers in a pedunculate umbel ; buds nodding. (Ancient Greek name, 

 :-om xe\i84v, the swallow, because its flowers appear with the swallows ) 



I. C. MAJUS L. Kich damp soil about towns, centr. Me. to Ont and 

 south w., common from s. Me. to Pa. May-Aug. (Nat. from Eu.) 



4. GLAUCIUM [Tourn.] Hill. HORN POPPY. SEA POPPY 

 Sepals 2. Petals 4. Style none ; stigma 2-lobed or 2-horned Pod very 

 long and linear, completely 2-celled by a spongy false partition; seeds crest- 

 3ss -Annuals or biennials, with saffron-colored juice, clasping leaves, and 

 solitary yellow flowers. (The Greek name, 7 Xaiteio*, from the glaucous foliage ) 





