498 ROSACEAE (ROSE FAMILY) 



taper-pointed, serrate with incurved sfiort and cations teeth, thickish, shining 

 above ; racemes elongated ; petals obovate ; fruit purplish-black. Woods, N. S. 

 to Fla., w. to Dak. and Ariz. Fruit slightly bitter, but with a pleasant vinous 

 flavor. 



2. P. virginiana L. (CHOKE C.) A tall shrub or small tree, with grayish 

 bark, the inner layers with a rank disagreeable odor; leaves oval, oblong, or 

 obovate, abruptly pointed, very sharply (often doubly) serrate with slender 

 teeth, thin ; petals roundish ; fruit red turning to dark crimson, austere and 

 astringent ; stone smooth. Nfd. to Ga., and westw. Var. LEUCOCARPA Wats., 

 with short dense racemes and sweeter yellowish fruit, has been found at 

 Dedham, Mass. 



2. PRUN6PHORA (Neck.) Endl. Drupe smooth; the stone smooth or 

 somewhat rugged; flowers (usually white) from separate lateral scaly buds 

 in early spring, preceding or developing with the leaves; pedicels few or 

 several in simple umbel-like clusters. 



3. P. pennsylvanica L. f. (WILD RED, BIRD, FIRE or PIN C.) Tree, 6-10 

 m. high, with light red-brown bark ; leaves oblong-lanceolate, pointed, finely and 



Great L. region, centr. la., and along the mts. to N. C., Tenn., and Col. 



4. P. alleghani6nsis Porter. (SLOE.) A low straggling shrub or small tree 

 (1-5 m. high), seldom thorny; leaves lanceolate to oblong-ovate, often l<>(/- 

 acuminate, finely and sharply serrate, softly pubescent when young, glabrate 

 with age ; fruit globose-ovoid, very dark purple, with a bloom, less than 12 mm. 

 in diameter ; stone turgid, a shallow groove on one side and a broad flat ridge 

 on the other. Thickets, s. Ct. (Eames, Graves') to the Allegheny Mts. of Pa. 



6. P. iNSTiTfxiA L. (BULLACE P.) Somewhat thorny ; leaves obovate, 

 mostly obtusish at the apex and narrowed at base, sharply and somewhat 

 doubly serrate, soft-pubescent beneath ; fruit small, globular, black, with a 

 bloom. (P. spinosa, var. Gray.) Roadsides and waste places, N. E. and 

 perhaps occasionally in the Middle States. (Adv. from Eurasia.) 



6. P. maritima Wang. (BEACH P.) Low and straggling (3-15 dm. high); 

 leaves ovate or oval, finely serrate, softly pubescent underneath ; pedicels short, 

 pubescent ; fruit globular, purple or crimson (rarely paler), with a bloom, 13-25 

 mm. in diameter ; the stone very turgid, acute on one edge, rounded and minutely 

 grooved on the other. Sea-beaches, dunes, etc., s. Me. to Va. 



7. P. angustifblia Marsh. (CHICKASAW P.) Scarcely thorny, 2-5 m. high ; 

 leaves membranaceous, elliptic-lanceolate, finely serrulate, glabrous ; fruit glob- 

 ular, red, nearly destitute of bloom, thin-skinned, 12-16 mm. in diameter ; 

 the ovoid stone almost as thick as wide, rounded at both sutures, one of them 

 minutely grooved. (P. Chicasa Michx. ) Del. to Fla., and westw. to Tex. 

 and Kan. 



Var. Watsbni (Sarg.) Waugh. (SAND P.) Dwarf (1-1.3 m. high); stems 

 much branched and somewhat rigid ; leaves smaller and rather firm in texture ; 

 fruit small, red, thick-skinned. (P. Watsoni Sarg.) Kan. and Neb. 



8. P. M\IIALER L. (PERFUMED C.) Shrub or small tree (7 m. high), 

 glabrous or nearly so ; leaves ovate-orbicular, short-pointed or obtuse, slender- 

 petioled, crenulate-denticulate, glandular between the teeth ; flowers corymbose ; 

 fruit ovoid to subglobose, black or nearly so, 7-10 mm. long. Roadsides, river- 

 banks, open woods, etc., spreading from cultivation, Ct. to Del., and westw. 

 (Introd. from s. Ku. ) 



'.. P. GravSsii Small. Unarmed shrub, 1-1.3 in. high; leaves obm-ntc- 

 orbicnf(tr, finely pulx-went on both surfaces, serrate-dentate, rounded or even 

 retuse at the apex, 2-:] cm. in diameter ; flowers 1-3 in a fascicle, the pedicels 

 pubescent ; fruit globose, bluish-black, 12-15 mm. in diameter ; stone about 9 

 inin. long, subglobose but with one sharp edge. Gravelly ridge, Groton, Ct. 

 : Grat 



10. P. cuneata Haf. Low erect shrub, obscurely puberulent to entirely 



