li<M HALORAGLDACEAE (WATFJl MILFOIL FAMILY) 



of the staminale flowers deep purplish ; fruit globose, 4-furrowed, 2-3 mm. long. 

 Brackish or fresh pools or slow streams, Nfd. to Alaska, s. to Ct., Great L. 

 region, Kan., N. Mex., Ariz., and s. Cal. (Eurasia.) 



3. M. verticillatum L. Leaves flaccid, 1.5-4 cm. long, the flattish rhachis 

 somewhat broader than the linear-filiform segments; floral leaves or bracts 

 similar but firmer, 6-20 mm. long, uniform or nearly so, all much exceeding the 

 flowers; stigmas somewhat elongate, recurved ; sepals of the staminate flowers 

 pale green to pinkish ; fruit subglobose, the 4 carpels plump, 2.5-3 mm. long. 

 The typical European plant, rare or local with us ; examined only from w. N. V. 

 and 111. Represented in America chiefly by 



Var. pectinatum Wallr. Spike appearing naked or nearly so, much as in 

 M. spicatum, all or most of the pectinate bracts shorter than or only slightly ex- 

 ceeding the flowers. Fresh or brackish pools, Gaspe" Co. , Que., to Sask. and 

 B. C., s. to n. Me., L. Memphremagog, Que., centr. and w. N. Y., Great L. 

 region, Minn., and Utah. (Eurasia.) 



2. TESSARONIA Schindler. Stamens 4 ; petals rather persistent. 



* Carpels l-2-ridged on the back. 

 -t- Flowers on emersed spikes, the floral leaves chiefly modified. 



4. M. heterophyllum Michx. Stem stout (the base of the spike 2-5 mm. 

 thick) ; leaves whorled in 4's, 5's, or 6's, the submersed 1.5-5 cm. long, the 

 flattened rhachis slightly broader than the linear-filiform segments ; spikes 1-:; 

 dm. long ; floral leaves whorled, crowded, ovate to oblance.olate, entire or di-n- 

 ticulate, thickish, 4-10 mm. long; fruit 1-1.5 mm. long, about as thick, papil- 

 lose-roughened, the carpels 2-ridged on the back, convex on the sides, their styles 

 prominent. Ponds and slow streams, near the coast, Va. to Fla.; also from 

 w. N. Y. and Ont. to Minn., s. to Mo. and Tex. 



5. M. hippuroides Nutt. Similar, more slender ; floral leaves linear to lim-iir- 

 lanceolate, entire to pectinate ; fruit 2 mm. long, about 1 mm. thick, the smont/t- 

 ih carpels flattish on the sides, their styles very short. Apparently local, 

 s. Ont. ; also from Wash, to Cal. 



0. M. scabratum Michx. Slender; leaves variously arranged, verticillate, 

 snbverticillate, or scattered, on the same plant, the submersed with linear-capil- 

 lary segments ; the emersed and the floral leaves linear, pectinate-toothed or cut- 

 serrate; fruit 1-1.5 mm. long, about as broad, the carpels with flat sides and '2 

 tuberculate ridges on the back. (M. pinnatum BSP., at least in part ; possibly 

 Potamogeton pinnatum Walt ) Shallow ponds and muddy shores, e. Mass, to 

 S. C., near the coast ; also from w. Ky. and w. Tenn. to la. and Tex. 



H- - Flowers in the axils of unmodified submersed leaves. 



1. M. Farw611ii Morong. Slender, flowering below the surface of the water ; 

 leaves all divided into filiform segments, subverticillate or scattered ; flowers 

 solitary in the middle axils ; fruit 2-2.5 mm. long, somewhat narrower, the flat- 

 sided carpels with prominently tuberculate dorsal ridges. Ponds and slow 

 streams, Gaspe" Co., Que., to n. Mich., s. to s. Me., s. N. H., s. Vt., and centr. 

 N. Y. 



* * Carpels rounded and even on the back ; leaves c?u'efl>/ scattered, or wanting 

 on the flo "'/ /// it fit cms. 



8. M. hdrnile (Raf.) Morong. Stems slender, 5-15 cm. high, erect or decum- 

 bent, root in'i in. the. mud; leaves suboppositc / ultimate, the lower 4-8 mm. 

 long, jthni'tti'hj iliriilctl ; floral leaves similar or linear and serrate or entire; 

 flowers most I;/ /><,-/><? fruit 0.7 mm. long, the subcylindric carpels smooth or 

 minutely papillose. (3/. ambiguum, var. limosum Nutt.) Muddy shores and 

 shallow pools, centr. Me. to Vt., s. to Md.; reported from Iml. and 111. to Trim. 

 and Mo. Forma \ \ r \ \s (DC.) Fernald. Stems elongate and partly submersed ; 

 foliage leavesr'crowded, sometimes verticillate, larger, with Ionic capillary divi- 

 sions ; spikes emersed; floral leaves as in the typical form. (M. <n/il>i<jnnni 

 Nutt.) Shallow ponds and slow streams. Forma CAIMI.I. \CKTM (Torr.) l-Yr- 



