616 



UMBELLIFERAE (PARSLEY FAMILY) 



stylopodium wanting ; seed terete. Smooth perennials, with mostly Thaspium- 

 like leaves, no involucre, involucels of small bractlets, yellow flowers, and the 



central fruit of each umbellet sessile. Flowering in spring. (Named 



for /. B. Ziz, a Rhenish botanist.) 



1. Z. aurea (L.) Koch. (GOLDEN ALEXANDERS.) Leaves (except 

 the uppermost) 2-3-ternate, the radical very long-petioled ; leaflets 

 ovate to lanceolate, sharply serrate, acuminate; rays 15-25, stout, 

 2-5 cm. long ; fruit oblong, about 4 mm. long. River-banks, 

 meadows, and rich woods, e. Que. to Sask., s. to Va., Ark., and 

 Tex. FIG. 830. Var. OBTusiFdLix Bissell. Leaflets broader, 

 rounded at tip. Local, w. Ct. 



2. Z. BSbbii (Coult. & Rose) Britton. Slender ; leaflets some- 

 what coarsely serrate, the lower leaves small, inclined to be simple ; 

 rays 2-8, slender, 5-7 cm. long ; fruit oval, 2-3 mm. long. (Z. aurea, 

 var. Coult. & Rose.) Mts., W. Va. to Ga. and Tenn. 



3. Z. cordate (Walt.) DC. Radical leaves mostly long-petioled, 

 cordate or even rounder, crenately toothed, very rarely lobed or 

 divided ; stem-leaves simply ternate or quinate, with the ovate or 



lanceolate leaflets serrate, incised, or sometimes parted ; fruit ovate, 3 mm. long. 

 Ct. (Eames) to N. C., w. to Alb., Col., and westw. 



19. FOENtCULUM [Tourn.] Hill. FENNEL 



Fruit oblong, glabrous, with prominent ribs and solitary oil-tubes. Stout 

 glabrous aromatic herb, with leaves dissected into numerous filiform segments, 

 no involucre nor involucels, and large umbels of yellow flowers. (The Latin 

 name, from foenum, hay.) 



1. F. vuLoARE Hill. (F. officinale All.; F. Foeniculum Karst.), the culti- 

 vated FENNEL from Europe, is a common escape, and somewhat naturalized in 

 Md. and Va. 



20. PIMPINELLA L. 



Fruit oblong to ovate, glabrous, _ with slender equal ribs, numerous oil-tubes, 

 and depressed or cushion-like stylopodium. Smooth perennials, with involucre 

 and involucels scanty or none ; ours with white flowers. (Name 

 said to be formed from bipinnula, referring to the bipinnate 

 leaves.) 



1. P. SAxfFRAGRA L. Leaves simply pinnate, with sharply 

 toothed leaflets ; fruit oblong, 2 mm. long ; stylopodium cushion- 

 like. Roadsides and waste places, local, N. B. to Del., Pa., 

 and O. (Nat. from Eu.) 



21. TAENiDIA Drude. 



Fruit short-oblong, flattened laterally, wingless, glabrous; 

 oil-tubes mostly 3 in the intervals ; seed subterete but the face 

 slightly concave. Involucre and involucels mostly wanting. 

 Flowers yellow. Glabrous glaucous perennial, with ternate 

 leaves. (Name from raivldiov, a Uttle band, in reference to 

 the small scarcely prominent ribs.) 



1. T. integ6rrima (L.) Drude. Slender, 5-10 dm. high: 



2-3-ternate ; leaflets lanceolate to ovate, entire; fruit oblong, I nun. 



Ion-. (Pimpinella Gray.) Dry gravelly woods and thickets, w. Quo. and 

 w. N. E. to N. C., Ark., and Minn. Fio. 831. 



22 EtLOPHUS Nutt. 



Calyx-teeth prominent. Fruit ovate or oblong, glabrous, with equal filiform 

 ribs; oil-tubes 1-5 in the intervals; stylopodium conical, with long recurved 

 styles; seed-face broadly concave, with a central longitudinal ridge. Ours 



