ERICACEAE (HEATH FAMILY) 637 



23. ARCTOSTAPHYLOS Adans. BEARBERRY 



Corolla with a short re volute 5-toothed limb. Stamens 10, included ; anthers 

 with 2 reflexed awns on the back near the apex, opening by terminal pores. 

 Shrubs, with alternate leaves, and scaly-bracted nearly white flowers in terminal 

 racemes or clusters. (Name composed of &PKTOS, a bear, and o-ra0v\^, a bunch 

 of grapes, the Greek of the popular name.) 



1. A. tTva-iirsi (L.) Spreng. (BEARBERRY.) Trailing; leaves thick and 

 evergreen, obovate or spatulate, entire, smooth; fruit red, inedible. Rocks and 

 bare hills, N. J. and Pa. to Mo., and far north w. and westw. May. (Eurasia.) 



2. A. alpina (L.) Spreng. (ALPINE B.) Depressed ; leaves deciduous, ser- 

 rate, wrinkled, with strong netted veins, obovate ; fruit black, juicy and edible. 

 (Mairania Desv.) Arctic Am., s. to alpine summits of Me. and N. H. (Arctic- 

 alpine Eurasia.) 



24. CALLtTNA Salisb. HEATHER. LING 



Calyx of 4 colored sepals. Corolla much shorter and less conspicuous than 

 the calyx, both becoming scarious and persistent. Stamens 8, distinct ; anthers 

 with a pair of deflexed appendages on the back, the cells opening each by a long 

 chink. Capsule 4-celled, 4-valved. Evergreen undershrub, with no scaly buds, 

 opposite and minute leaves (mostly extended at base into 2 sharp auricles), 

 crowded and imbricated on the branches. Flowers axillary, or terminating 

 very short shoots and crowded on the branches, forming close mostly one-sided 

 spikes or spike-like racemes, rose-colored or sometimes white, small, bracted by 

 2 or 3 pairs of leaves, the innermost of which are more or less scarious. (Named 

 from KaXXtiveiv, to brush or sweep, brooms being made of its twigs.) 



1. C. VULGARIS (L.) Hull. Low grounds, in the coastal region, very locally 

 from R. I. to Nfd. ; probably introduced from Eu. 



Two European heaths, ERICA CINEREA L. and E. TETRALIX L., have been 

 found slightly established in small patches on Nantucket I., Mass. 



25. CHI6GENES Salisb. CREEPING SNOWBERRY 



Calyx-limb 4-parted, persistent. Corolla bell-shaped, deeply 4-cleft. Sta- 

 mens 8, included, inserted on an 8-toothed disk, filaments very short and broad ; 

 anther-cells ovate-oblong, separate, not awned on the back, but each minutely 

 2-pointed at the apex, and opening by a large chink down to the middle. Berry 

 white, globular. A trailing and creeping evergreen, with very slender and 

 scarcely woody stems, and small Thyme-like ovate and pointed leaves on short 

 petioles, with revolute margins, smooth above, the lower surface and the 

 branches beset with rigid rusty bristles. Flowers very small, solitary in the 

 axils, on short nodding peduncles, with 2 large bracelets under the calyx. 

 (Name from x t( ^" snow, and 7^1/05, offspring, in allusion to the snow-white 

 berries. ) 



1. C. hispidula (L.) T. & G. (Moxis PLUM, CAPILLAIRE.) Leaves 0.5-1 

 cm. long ; berries 5-7 mm. thick, bright white, delicately acid and aromatic. 

 (C. serpyllifolia Salisb.) Peat-bogs and mossy woods, Lab. to B. C., s. to Minn., 

 Mich., and N. C. May. Plant with the aromatic flavor of Gaultheria or of 

 Sweet Birch. 



26. GAYLUSSACIA HBK. HUCKLEBERRY 



Corolla tubular, ovoid, or bell-shaped ; the border 5-cleft. Stamens 10 ; 

 anthers awnless ; cells tapering upward into more or less of a tube, opening 

 by a chink at the end. Fruit a berry-like drupe, containing 10 seed-like nut- 

 lets. Branching shrubs, with the aspect of Vaccinium, commonly sprinkled 

 with resinous dots ; the flowers (pale, tinged with purple or red) in lateral and 

 bracted racemes. ''Named for the chemist, Gay-Lussac. ) 



