676 HYDROPHYLLACEAE (WATERLEAF FAMILY) 



3. POLEM6NIUM [Tourn.] L. GREEK VALERIAN 



Stamens equally inserted at the summit of the very short tube of the open- 

 bell-shaped or short funnel-form corolla ; filaments declined, hairy-appendaged 

 at the base. Capsule few-several-seeded. Perennials, with alternate pinnate 

 leaves, the upper leaflets sometimes confluent ; the corymbose flowers nearly 

 bractless. (An ancient name, from 7r6\e^os, war, of doubtful application.) 



1. P. rSptans L. Smooth throughout or slightly pubescent ; stems weak and 

 spreading, 2-4 dm. high, never creeping as the name denotes ; leaflets 5-15, 

 ovate-lanceolate or oblong ; corymbs few-flowered ; flowers nodding ; calyx-lobes 

 ovate, shorter than the tube; stamens and stifle included; corolla light blue, 

 about 1-1.5 cm. wide; capsules about ^-seeded. Woods, N. Y. to Minn., and 

 southw. Apr.-June. 



2. P. Van-Briintiae Britton. Stem erect, 1 m. or less high, nearly or quite 

 glabrous ; leaflets 9-21, ovate to lanceolate, or the upper leaves rarely simple ; 

 flowers in close cymes forming a thyrse or contracted panicle ; calyx enlarged 

 in fruit, becoming 1 cm. or more long, the acutish lobes about equaling the tube ; 

 stamens and style exserted ; corolla blue, 1.5-2 cm. broad ; capsule several-seeded. 

 (P. coeruleum Man. ed. (5, not L.) Mountain swamps, Vt., n. w. Ct., and 

 N. Y. to Md. May-July. 



HYDROPHYLLACEAE (WATERLEAF FAMILY) 



Herbs, commonly hairy, with mostly alternate leaves, regular 6-merous and 

 5-androus flowers, in aspect between the foregoing and the next family ; but the 

 ovary entire and l-celled with 2 parietal 4^-many-ovuled placentae, or ran-ly 

 Z-celled by the union of the placentae in the axis ; style 2-cleft, or 2 separate 

 styles; fruit a 2-valved ^many-seeded capsule. Seeds mostly reticulated or 

 pitted. Embryo small, in copious albumen. Flowers chiefly blue or white, in 

 1-sided cymes or false racemes, which are mostly bractless and coiled from the 

 apex when young, as in the Borage Family. A small family of plants of no 

 marked properties ; some cultivated for ornament. 



Tribe I. HYDROPHf LLEAE. Ovary and capsule l-celled. Seeds pitted or reticulated ; albumen 



cartilaginous. Leaves cut-toothed, lobed, or pinnate. Style. 2-cleft. 



* Ovary lined with the dilated and fleshy placentae, which inclose the ovules and seeds (in our plants 

 only 4) like an inner pericarp. 



1. Hydrophyllum. Stamens exserted ; anthers linear. Calyx unchanged in fruit. 



2. Nemophila. Stamens included; anthers ovoid or cordate. Calyx with rellcxed appendages 



at the sinuses, enlarged in fruit. 

 :5. Ellisia. Stamens included. Calyx destitute of appendages, enlarged in fruit. 



* * Ovary with narrow parietal placentae, in fruit projecting inward more or less. 



4. Phacelia. Corolla-lobes imbricated in the bud. Calyx destitute i.f app.-nda-.-s. 



Tribe II. HYDR6LEAE. Ovary and capsule 2-celled, the placentae often projecting from the axis 

 far into tin- cells. Albumen fleshy. Leaves entire. Styles 2. 



5. Hydrolea. Corolla between wheel-shaped and bell-shaped. 



1. HYDROPHYLLUM [Tourn.] L. WATERLEAF 



Calyx 5-parted. sometimes with a small appendage in each sinus, early open 

 in the bud. Corolla bell-shaped, 5-cleft ; the lobes convolute in the bud: the 

 tube furnished \\ith .", longitudinal linear appendages opposite the lobes, forming 

 a nectariferous groove. Stamens and style mostly exserted ; lilainents more or 

 less bearded. Ovary bristly hairy (as is usual in the family); the placentae soon 

 free from the walls except at the top and bottom. Capsule ripeuiim It set ds. 

 Spheric*!. Perennial*, with petioled ample leaves, and \vhite or bluish-purple 



