VERBENACEAE ( VERVAIN FAMILY) 



689 



* * Spikes thicker or densely flowered ; the fruits crowded, mostly overlapping 

 one another; bracts inconspicuous, not exceeding the flowers ; perennial. 



3. V. angustifblia Michx. Low, 2-6 dm. high, often simple ; leaves nar- 

 rowly lanceolate, tapering to the base, sessile, roughish, slightly toothed ; spikes 

 few or single ; the purple flowers crowded, larger 

 than in the next. Dry or sandy ground, Mass, and 

 s. Vt. to Minn., and south w. ; rarely adventive further 

 northeastw. FIG. 879. 



4. V. hastata L. (BLUE V.) Tall (0.5-2 m. 

 high); leaves lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, taper- 

 pointed, cut-serrate, petioled, the lower often lobed 

 and sometimes halberd-shaped at base ; spikes linear, 

 erect, corymbed or panicled ; flowers violet-blue 



(rarely pink or white). Damp grounds, etc. 



5. V. stricta Vent. (HOARY V.) Downy with 

 soft whitish hairs, erect, simple or branched, 3-9 

 dm. high; leaves sessile, obovate or oblong, serrate; 

 spikes thick, somewhat clustered, hairy ; flowers 

 rather large, purple. Barrens and prairies, Ont. 

 and O., westw. and south w.; rarely nat. eastw. 



* * * Spikes thick, sessile and leafy-bracted ; annual. 



f>. V. bractebsa Michx. Widely spreading or procumbent, hairy ; leaves 

 wedge-lanceolate, cut-pinnatifid or 3-cleft, short-petioled ; spikes single, re- 

 motely flowered ; bracts large, the lower pinnatifid, longer than the small purple 

 flowers. Prairies and waste grounds, Va. to 

 O., westw. and south w. ; on ballast and in waste 

 places northeastw. 



2. Anthers of the longer stamens glandular- 

 tipped; flowers showy, from depressed- 

 capitate becoming spicate. 



879. V. angustifolia x 



880. V. bipinnatifida x 



7. V. bipinnatifida Nutt. Hispid-hirsute, 

 1-4 dm. high ; leaves bipinnately parted, or 

 3-parted into more or less bipinnatifid divi- 

 sions, the lobes commonly linear or broader ; 

 bracts mostly surpassing the calyx; limb of 

 bluish-purple or lilac corolla 1-1.5 cm. broad. 



Plains and prairies, Mo. to S. Dak. and Mex. FIG. 880. 



8. V. canadSnsis (L.) Britton. Slender, 5 dm. high or less, soft-pubescent 

 or glabrate ; leaves ovate or ovate-oblong in outline, with a wedge-shaped base, 



incisely lobed and toothed, often more deeply 

 3-cleft ; bracts shorter than or equaling the calyx; 

 limb of reddish-purple or lilac (rarely white) co- 

 rolla i.5-2.5 cm. broad. (V. Aubletia Jacq.; V. 



\ Drummondi of auth.) Open woods and prairies, 



\ Va. to Fla. ; also Ind. to Kan., and southw. 





2. LiPPIA [Houston] L. 



881. L. lanceolata x 



Calyx often flattened, 2-4-toothed, or 2-lipped. 

 Corolla 2-lipped, upper lip notched, lower much 

 larger, 3-lobed. Stamens included. Style slender ; 

 stigma obliquely capitate. (Dedicated to Agostino 

 Lippi, Italian^ naturalist.) 



1. L. lanceolata Michx. (FOG-FRUIT.) De- 

 cumbent or procumbent, green ; leaves oblance- 

 olate to lanceolate, serrate above ; peduncles axil- 

 lary, slender, exceeding the leaves, bearing solitary 



GRAY'S MANUAL 44 



