798 COMPOSITAE (COMPOSITE FAMILY) 



subtending axillary fascicles ; rameal leaves smaller, usually without axillary 

 fascicles ; heads mostly in glomerules, a few pediceled, the pedicels smooth or 

 scabrous ; involucre campanulate, 3-4 mm. long, 2-3 mm. thick, its firm oblong 

 glutinous bracts blunt. (Euthamia Greene ; E. caroliniana Am. auth., in part, 

 not Greene.) Sandy or gravelly soil, chiefly near the coast, e. Mass, to Fla.; 

 also n. Ind. to s. Wise. Aug.-Oct. 



54. S. MoselSyi Fernald. Similar, 5-6 dm. high ; leaves lance-linear, taper- 

 pointed, without axillary fascicles ; heads mostly on scabrous pedicels subtended 

 by very minute subulate bracts; involucre subcylindric, 3-4 mm. long, 1.5-2 

 mm. thick, its very unequal soft bracts linear. Oxford Prairie, Erie Co., O. 

 (Moseley}. Sept. 



M. ++ Involucre 5-6 mm. long. 



55. S. leptoce"phala T. & G. Stem strict and simple nearly to the summit, 

 3-6 dm. high ; leaves linear-lanceolate, firm, light green, strongly 1-ribbed, 

 with or without obscure lateral nerves, somewhat punctate but not viscid, the 

 middle ones 4-6 cm. long, 4-6 mm. wide ; heads sessile or short-pediceled ; 

 involucre cylindric-clavate, its linear pale straw-colored bracts barely viscid. 

 (Euthamia Greene.) Damp sandy ground, e. Neb. to Miss, and Tex. Aug.-Oct. 



56. S. gymnospermoides (Greene) Fernald. Similar, freely fastigiate- 

 branched from near the middle; leaves linear-attenuate, 1-ribbed', strongly 

 punctate, glutinous; the middle ones 5-7 cm. long, 2-3 mm. wide; involucre 

 very viscid. (Euthamia Greene. ) Dry soil, e. Kan. to La. and Tex. Aug.-Oct. 



16. BRACHYCHAETA T. & G. FALSE GOLDEN-ROD 



Habit and flowers nearly as in Solidago, except as to the pappus, which is a 

 row of minute rather scale-like bristles, shorter than the achene. A perennial 

 herb, with rounded or ovate serrate leaves, all the lower ones heart-shaped ; the 

 small yellow heads in sessile clusters racemed or spiked on the branches. 

 (Name composed of ppaxfc, short, and x<**7, bristle, from the pappus.) 



1. B. sphacelata (Raf.) Britton. Slender, about 1 in. high. (B. cordata 

 T. & G.) Wooded hills, s. Ind. to Va. and Ga. Aug.-Oct. 



17. APLOPAPPUS Cass. 



Heads many-flowered, radiate ; rays many, pistillate. Involucre hemi- 

 spherical, of many closely imbricated bracts in several series. Receptacle 

 flat. Achenes short, turbinate to linear ; pappus simple, of numerous unequal 

 bristles. Mostly herbaceous perennials, with alternate rigid leaves. Ray- and 

 disk-flowers both yellow. (From a,7r\6os, simple, and irdinros, pappus.} 



1. A. ciliatus (Nutt.) DC. Annual or biennial, glabrous, 0.5-1.5 in. high, 

 leafy ; leaves oval (or the lower obovate), obtuse, dentate with bristle-pointed 

 teeth ; heads very large, few and clustered, the outer bracts spreading ; achenes 

 glabrous, the central abortive. (Prionopsis Nutt.) Mo., Kan., and south w. 



2. A. spinulbsus (Pursh) DC. Perennial, branching, puberulent or glabrate, 

 low ; leaves narrow, pinnately or bipinnately parted, the lobes and teeth bristle- 

 tipped ; heads small, the appressed bracts bristle-tipped ; achenes pubescent. 

 ( Si<l<>ranthus Sweet ; Eriocarpum Greene.) Minn, and la. to the Saskatchewan 

 and Tex. 



18. BIGEL6WIA DC. RAYLESS GOLDEN-ROD 



Heads 3-4-flowered ; flowers all tubular and perfect. Involucre club-shaped, 

 yellowish ; the rigid somewhat glutinous bracts linear, closely imbricated and 

 approsscd. Receptacle narrow, with an awl-shaped prolongation in the center. 

 Achenes somewhat obconical, hairy ; pappus a single row of capillary Lristles. 

 Flowers yellow. Leaves scattered, oblanceolate or linear, 1-3-nerved. A large 

 chiefly western genus, few species approaching our limits. (Dedicated to Dr. 

 Jifi-nh IH<t< /o?r, author of the Florula Bostoniensis, and of the American 

 Medical Botany.) CIIOM>ROIMIOKA Raf. BIOELOVIA T. & G. 



