COMPOSITAE (COMPOSITE FAMILY) 843 



59. GALINSdGA R. & P. 



Heads several-flowered, radiate ; rays 4-5, small, roundish, pistillate. Invo- 

 lucre of 4-5 ovate thin bracts. Receptacle conical, with narrow chaff. Pappus 

 of small oblong cut-fringed chaffy scales, sometimes wanting. Annual herbs, 

 with opposite triple-nerved thin leaves, and small heads ; disk yellow ; rays 

 white or reddish. (Named for Dr. Mariano Martinez de Galinsoga, a Spanish 

 botanist.) 



* Rays white; pappus of disk-flowers about equaling the achenes. 



1. G. PARVIFL6RA Cav. Pubescence subappressed ; leaves ovate, crenate- 

 serrate, petioled ; pappus of the disk-flowers of spatulate obtusish scales. 

 Roadsides and waste 'places, from N. E. across the continent. (Adv. from 

 Trop. Am.) Var. nfspiDA DC. Pubescence more copious, not appressed ; 

 pappus-scales of the disk-flowers attenuate and bristle-tipped. Me. to Ont., 

 Wise., and southw. (Nat. from Trop. Am.) 



* * Rays reddish ; pappus of disk-flowers about half as long as the achenes. 



2. G. CARACASANA (DC.) Sch. Bip. Pubescence loose and often rather 

 copious ; leaves as in no. 1. (G. hispida Benth.) Waste land, Caraden, N. J. ; 

 about mills, etc., Cumberland, Md. (Schriver), and probably elsewhere. (Adv. 

 from Trop. Am.) 



60. FLAVERIA Juss. 



Heads 3-15-flowered, usually with but 1 ray-flower; flowers all fertile. 

 Involucral bracts few, subequal or 1-2 of the outer much shorter. Receptacle 

 small, naked or setose. Achenes oblong, 8-10-ribbed, glabrous ; pappus none. 

 Opposite-leaved annuals with clustered small yellowish heads. (Name from 

 flavus, yellow, the plant being used in dyeing.) 



1. F. campestris Johnston. Erect and glabrous, 3-6 dm. high, branched 

 above ; leaves linear or lanceolate, 3-nerved, mostly serrulate ; heads subsessile, 

 in mostly terminal glomerules ; involucre 3-bracteate, 2-5-flowered. (F. angus- 

 tifolia of auth., not Pers.) Alkaline soil, w. Mo. (Bush) to Col. and Mex. 

 May-Sept. 



61. HYMENOPAPPUS L'He*r. 



Heads many-flowered ; flowers all tubular and perfect, with large revolute 

 corolla-lobes. Involucral bracts 6-12, loose and broad, thin, the upper part petal- 

 like, usually white. Receptacle small, naked. Achenes top-shaped, with a 

 slender base, striate ; pappus of 15-20 blunt scales in a single row, very thin 

 (whence the name of the genus, from fyJi/, membrane, and Trdinros, pappus. ) 

 Biennial or perennial herbs, with alternate mostly dissected leaves, and corymbed 

 small heads of usually whitish flowers. 



* Pappus of very small roundish nerveless scales. 



1. H. carolinSnsis (Lam.) Porter. Somewhat flocculent-woolly when young, 

 leafy to the top, 3-9 dm. high ; leaves 1-2-pinnately parted into linear or oblong 

 lobes ; involucral bracts roundish, mainly whitish ; pappus-scales very small, 

 roundish, nerveless. (H. scabiosaeus L'He"r.) Sandy barrens, 111. to S. C., 

 and southw. May, June. 



2. H. corymbbsus- T. & G. More slender, glabrate, naked above ; bracts 

 obovate-oblong, petaloid at apex. Woods and plains, Mo. and Neb. to Tex. 



62. POLYPTERIS Nutt. 



Heads few-flowered, small ; flowers all tubular, deeply 5-parted. Involucral 

 bracts 8-10, herbaceous. Achenes slender-obpyramidal ; pappus of short 

 rounded pales or wanting. Scabrous herbs with narrow short-petioled mostly 

 alternate leaves, and pedunculate loosely corymbose or paniculate small purplish 





