10 



CONTENTS. 



Palate Bones 197 



Inferior Turbinated Bones 200 



Vomer 201 



Lower Jaw 201 



Changes produced in the Lower Jaw by 



Age 204 



Sutures of the Skull 206 



Vertex of the Skull 208 



Base of the Skull, Internal Surface .... 208 



Anterior Fossa ... 208 



Middle Fossa 210 



Posterior Fossa 211 



Base of Skull, External Surface 211 



Lateral Region of the Skull 214 



Temporal Fossa 215 



Mastoid Portion 216 



Zygomatic Fossa 216 



Spheno-maxillary Fossa 216 



Anterior Region of the Skull 217 



Orbits 217 



Nasal Fossae 219 



Surface Form of Skull 222 



Surgical Anatomy of Skull 224 



Os Hyoides 227 



THE THORAX. 



The Sternum 228 



The Ribs 232 



Peculiar Ribs 234 



Costal Cartilages 236 



Surface Form of Chest 236 



Surgical Anatomy of Chest 237 



THE UPPER EXTREMITY. 



The Shoulder and Pelvic Girdles 233 



The Clavicle 238 



Surface Form 241 



Surgical Anatomy 241 



The Scapula 242 



Surface Form 247 



Surgical Anatomy 247 



The Humerus 248 



Surface Form 253 



Surgical Anatomy 253 



The Forearm 254 



The Ulna 254 



Surface Form 259 



The Radius 259 



Surface Form 261 



Surgical Anatomy of Bones of Forearm . 261 



The Hand ... 262 



The Carpus 26-? 



Bones of the Upper Row 262 



Bones of the Lower Row 266 



The Metacarpus 267 



Peculiar Characters of the Metacarpal Bones . 268 



Phalanges 2 70 



Surface Form of Bones of Hand . . '. '. '. 270 



Surgical Anatomy of Bones of Hand . . 271 



Development of the Bones of the Hand . . . 271 



THE LOWER EXTREMITY. 



The Hip 272 



Os Innominatum 272 



Ilium 272 



Ischium 



Os Pubis 277 



Development of the Os Innominatum .... 278 



The Pelvis 279 



Differences between the Male and Female 



Pelvis 282 



Surface Form of Bones of Pelvis 283 



Surgical Anatomy of Bones of Pelvis . . 283 



The Femur or Thigh-Bone 284 



Surface Form 290 



Surgical Anatomy 290 



The Leg 291 



Patella 291 



Surface Form 292 



Surgical Anatomy 292 



Tibia 293 



Surface Form 296 



Fibula 297 



Surface Form 299 



Surgical Anatomy of Bones of Leg . - . 299 



The Foot 299 



Tarsus 299 



Os Calcis 299 



Astragalus 393 



Cuboid 303 



Navicular 394 



Cuneiform 395 



Metatarsal Bones 306 



Phalanges .308 



Development of the Bones of the Foot . . . 308 



Construction of the Foot as a whole . . . 309 



Surface Form of Foot 310 



Surgical Anatomy of Foot 311 



Sesamoid Bones . . 312 



THE ARTICULATIONS. 



Structures composing the Joints 313 



Articular Lamella of Bone 313 



Ligaments .... 313 



Synovial Membrane 313 



Bursae 314 



Synovia 314 



Forms of Articulation : 



Synarthrosis 314 



Amphiarthrosis 315 



Diarthrosis 315 



Movements of Joints 316 



ARTICULATIONS OF THE TRUNK. 



Articulations of the Vertebral Column .... 319 



" Atlas with the Axis . . . 323 



Spine with the Cranium . 325 

 " Atlas with the Occipital 



Bone 325 



Articulation of the Axis with the Occipital Bone 3:26 



Surgical Auatomy of Articulations of the Spine. 327 



Temporo-maxillary Articulation 327 



Surface Form 330 



Surgical Anatomy ... 330 



Articulations of the Ribs with the Vertebra : 



Costo-vertebral 330 



Costo-transverse 331 



Articulations of the Cartilages of the Ribs with 



the Sternum and Eusiform Cartilage . . . . 334 



Interchondral Articulations 334 



Ligaments of the Sternum 336 



Articulation of the Pelvis with the Spine . . . 336 

 Articulations of the Pelvis : 



Articulation of the Sacrum and Ilium . . 336 



Ligament between the Sacrum and Ischium 337 



Articulation of the Sacrum and Coccyx . 339 



Articulation of the Pubes 339 



ARTICULATIONS OF THE UPPER EXTREMITY. 



Sterno-clavicular 340 



Surface Form 342 



Surgical Anatomy 342 



Acromio-clavicular 342 



Surface Form 344 



Surgical Anatomy 344 



Proper Ligaments of the Scapula 344 



Shoulder-joint 345 



Surface Form 348 



Surgical Anatomy 348 



Elbow-joint 349 



Surface Form 352 



Surgical Anatomy 352 



Radio-ulnar Articulations 353 



Surface Form 356 



Wrist-joint 356 



Surface Form 357 



Surgical Anatomy 357 



