BRAXCHES OF THE IXTERXAL CAROTID. 569 



from the arterv before it enters the orbit. It accompanies the lachrymal nerve 

 along the upper border of the External rectus muscle, and is distributed to the 

 lachrymal crland. Its terminal branches, escaping from the gland, are distributed 

 to the evelids and conjunctiva, anastomosing with the palpebral arteries. The 

 lachrymal artery gives off one or two malar branches* one of which passes through 

 a foramen in the malar bone, to reach the temporal fossa, and anastomoses with 

 the deep temporal arteries ; the other appears on the cheek and anastomoses with 



Xasal. Palpebral. 



Froiiial. Supra-orbitaL 



-Internal carotid. 

 FIG. 353. The ophthalmic artery and its branches, the roof of the orbit having been removed. 



the transverse facial. A branch is also sent backward through the sphenoidal 

 fissure to the dura mater, which anastomoses with a branch of the middle menin- 

 geal artery. 



Peculiarities. The lachrymal artery is sometimes derived from one of the anterior branches 

 of the middle meningeal artery. 



The supra-orbital artery arises from the ophthalmic as that vessel is crossing 

 over the optic nerve. Ascending so as to arise above all the muscles of the orbit, 

 it passes forward, with the supra-orbital nerve, between the periosteum and 

 Levator palpebra : and. passing through the supra-orbital foramen, divides into a 

 superficial and deep branch, which supply the integument, the muscles, and the 

 pericranium of the forehead, anastomosing with the frontal, the anterior branch 

 of the temporal, and the artery of the opposite side. This artery in the orbit 

 supplies the Supei'ior rectus and the Levator palpebrae, and sends a branch 

 inward, across the pulley of the Superior oblique muscle, to supply the parts at the 

 inner canthus. At the supra-orbital foramen it frequently transmits a branch to 

 the diploe. 



The ethmoidal branches are two in number posterior and anterior. The 

 former, which is the smaller, passes through the posterior ethmoidal foramen, 

 supplies the posterior ethmoidal cells, and. entering the cranium, gives off a 

 meningeal branch, which supplies the adjacent dura mater, and nasal branches 

 which descend into the nose through apertures in the cribriform plate, anasto- 



