690 THE LYMPHATICS 



from the ovaries, broad ligaments, and Fallopian tubes, ascend with the ovarian 

 vessels to open into the lumbar glands. In the unimpregnated uterus they are 

 small, but during gestation they become very greatly enlarged. 



The lymphatic vessels of the testicle consist of two sets, superficial and deep : the 

 former commence on the surface of the tunica vaginalis, the latter in the epididy- 

 mis and body of the testis. They form several large trunks which ascend with 

 the spermatic cord, and, accompanying the spermatic vessels into the abdomen, 

 terminate into the lumbar glands ; hence the enlargement of these glands in 

 malignant disease of the testis. 



The lymphatic vessels of the kidney arise on the surface, and also in the inte- 

 rior of the organ ; they join at the hilum, and, after receiving the lymphatic vessels 

 from the ureter and suprarenal capsules, open into the lumbar glands. 



The lymphatic vessels of the liver are divisible into two sets, superficial and deep. 

 The former arise in the subperitoneal areolar tissue over the entire surface of the 

 organ. Those on the convex surface may be divided into four groups : 1. Those 

 which pass from behind forward, consisting of three or four branches, which ascend 

 in the longitudinal ligament and unite to form a single trunk, which passes up 

 between the fibres of the Diaphragm, behind the ensiform cartilage, to enter the 

 anterior mediastinal glands, and finally ascends to the root of the neck, to ter- 

 minate in the right lymphatic duct. 2. Another group, which also incline from 

 behind forward, are reflected over the anterior margin of the liver to its under 

 surface, and from thence pass along the longitudinal fissure to the glands in the 

 gastro-hepatic omentum. 3. A third group incline outward to the right lateral 

 ligament, and, uniting into one or two large trunks, pierce the Diaphragm, and 

 run along its upper surface to enter the anterior mediastinal glands, or, instead 

 of entering the thorax, turn inward across the crus of the Diaphragm and open 

 into the commencement of the thoracic duct. 4. The fourth group incline out- 

 Avard from the surface of the left lobe of the liver to the left lateral ligament, 

 pierce the Diaphragm, and, passing forward, terminate in the glands in the ante- 

 rior mediastinum. 



The superficial lymphatics on the under surface of the liver are divided into 

 three sets : 1. Those on the right side of the gall-bladder enter the lumbar glands. 



2. Those surrounding the gall-bladder form a remarkable plexus ; they accom- 

 pany the hepatic vessels, and open into the glands in the gastro-hepatic omentum. 



3. Those on the left of the gall-bladder pass to the cesophageal glands and to the 

 glands which are situated along the lesser curvature of the stomach. 



The deep lymphatics accompany the branches of the portal vein and the hepatic 

 artery and duct through the substance of the liver; passing out at the transverse 

 fissure, they enter the lymphatic glands along the lesser curvature of the stomach 

 and behind the pancreas, or join with one of the lacteal vessels previous to its 

 termination in the thoracic duct. 



The lymphatic glands of the stomach are of small size ; they are placed along 

 the lesser and greater curvatures, some within the gastro-splenic omentum, whilst 

 others surround the cardiac -^nd pyloric orifices. 



The lymphatic vessels of the stomach consist of two sets, superficial and deep, 

 the former originating in the subserous, and the latter in the submucous, coat. 

 They follow the course of the blood-vessels, and may consequently be arranged 

 into three groups: The first group accompany the gastric vessels along the lesser 

 curvature, receiving branches from both surfaces of the organ, and pass to the 

 glands around the pylorus. The second group pass from the great end of the 

 stomach, accompanying the vasa brevia, and enter the splenic lymphatic glands. 

 The third group run along the greater curvature with the right gastro-epiploic 

 vessels, and terminate at the root of the mesentery in one of the principal lacteal 

 vessels. 



The lymphatic glands of the spleen occupy the hilum. Its lymphatic vessels 

 consist of two sets, superficial and deep : the former are placed beneath its 

 peritoneal covering, the latter in the substance of the organ ; they accompany the 



