8G FOLYGALACI-LE. (MILK WORT FAMILY.) 



came, from TroXvs, much, and -ydXa, milk, from a fancied property of its in- 

 creasing this secretion.) 



* Biennial (6'- 12' high) : flowers yellow: crest of the keel small. 



1. I*. liat<'H, L. flowers in solitary ovate or oblong heads, terminating the 

 stem or simple branches (bright orange-yellow) ; leaves (!' 2' long) ohovate or 

 spatulate ; lobes of the caruncle nearly as long as the seed. Sandy swamps, New 

 Jersey and southward, near the eoast. June -Sept. Stems at first simple. 

 Head of flowers \' in diameter, showy. 



2. P. railiossi, Ell. Flowers (citron-yellow) in numerous short and dense 

 spike-like racemes collected in a flat-topped compound cyme ; leaves oblong-linear, 

 the lowest spatulate or obovate ; seeds ovoid, minutely hairy, twice the length of 

 the caruncle. (P. eyrnosa, Poir., not of Walt. P. corymbosa, Nul.t.) Damp 

 pine-barrens, New Jersey? Delaware, and southward. Flowers turning green 

 in drying. (The allied P. CYSi6sA, Walt., which is P. graminifolia, Poir., P. 

 attenaata, Nutt., P. aeutifolia, Torr. $* Cray, known by its simpler cymes, 

 etcni naked above, narrower leaves, and globular seeds with no caruncle, 

 probably occurs in S. Virginia.) 



# # Annual : flowers purple or while, in spikes ; no tubterranean blossoms : crest of 



the keel minute, except in Nos. 3, 9, and 10. 

 - Leaves all alternate or scattered : floivers purple or flesh-color. 



3. P. iilCeiriiata, L. Glaucous ; stem slender, simple or sparingly 

 branched (lhigh); leaves small, linear-awl-shaped ; spike oblong or cylindri- 

 cal; wings much shorter than the conspicuously crested corolla; claica of the petals 

 united in a very long and slender cleft tube ; caruncle 2-lobed, longer than the stalk 

 of the hairy seed. Dry soil, Maryland and Ohio to Wisconsin and southward. 

 July. 



4. P. sailgllinca, L. Stem branched at the top (&' - 10' high) ; leaves 

 oblong-linear ; spikes roundish or oblong, dense, very obtuse ; wings broadly ovate, 

 obtuse; caruncle almost as long as tJie seed. (P. purpurca, Nutt.) Sandy and 

 inoist ground; common. July- Sept. Spikes ' thick, reddish-purple: the 

 axis, as in Xos. 5 and 6, beset with the persistent awl-shaped scaly bracts after 

 the flowers have fallen. 



5. P. fastigiatSl, Nutt. Stem slender, at length much branched above; 

 leaves linear ; spikes short; icings ovate-oblong, tapering at tlie Ims'- into distinct 

 claws; caruncle as long as, and nearly <->tr</<tpiiii/, l/ic stalk-like bate of t/ie minutely 

 hitiry seal. (P. sanguinea, Torr. $ 6V., cxcl. syn. ; not of Nutt., nor L.) 

 Pine barrens of New Jersey (Nultall) to Kentucky and southward. Spikes 

 looser, and the rose-purple flowers much smaller, than in No. 4. brighter-colored 

 than in the next, which it most resembles. 



6. P. \nft:illii, Torr. & Gr. (/'/. 1, p. 070, excl. syn., & deser.) Stem 

 branched above (4' -9' high) ; leaves linear; spikes oblong, dense ; it'iii'js d/ip- 

 ticnl, on or// short rlnirs ; caruncle small and aj>j>lied to one sidr of tin- stalk-like base 

 of the very hairy seed, (P. sanguinea, Nutt., not of L. P. Mariana, &e., Pink., 

 t. 437. 1*. amhigua, '/('//'. >S' *'''> J''/-, 11( ->t of Nutl.) Dry sandy soil, coast of 

 Massaebusetts to Penn. and southward. Aug. Spikes y in diameter; the 

 flowers light purple and greenish, duller-colored than in the last, with thicker 



