156 CMBELLIFEHJE. (PARSLEY FAMILY.) 



Var. tfpteriim. Fruit with strong and sharp ribs in place of wings. 

 {Smyrnium auream, L. Zizia aurca, Koch.} With the winged form. 



4. T. frifoliatllltl. Root-leaves or some of them round and heart-shaped ; 

 stein-leaves simply ternate or quinate, or ^-parted ; the divisions or leaflets ova 'e-lance- 

 otate or roundish, mostly abrupt or heart-shaped at the base, crenately toothed ; 

 flowers deep yellow ; fruit glolwse-ovoid, with 1 ) winged ridges. Rocky thickets, 

 Vermont to Wisconsin, and southward ; rare eastward. June. 



Var. atropurpiireiini, Torr. & Gr. Petals deep dark-purple. (Thap- 

 sia trifoliata, L. Smyrnium cordatum, Walt. Thaspium atropurpureum, Nuft. ) 

 From New York westward and southward. 



Var. siptcrillll. Petals yellow : fruit with sharp ribs in place of wings. 

 (Zizia cordata, Koch, Torr.) With the preceding form. 



17. ZIZIA, DC. partly. (ZiziA T.BNIDIA, Torr. & Gr.) 



Calyx-teeth obsolete. Fruit ovoid-oblong, contracted at the junction of the 

 carpels so as to become twin, the cross-section of each seed nearly orbicular : 

 carpels somewhat fleshy when fresh, with 5 slender ribs (which are more con- 

 spicuous when dry) : oil-tubes 3 in each interval and 4 on the inner face. A 

 perennial smooth and glaucous slender herb (2 -3 high), with 2-3-ternafly 

 compound leaves, the leaflets with entire margins ; umbels with long and slen- 

 der rays, no involucre, and hardly any involuccls. Flowers yellow. (Named 

 for /. B. Ziz, a Khenish botanist.) 



1. Z. integerrima, DC. Rocky hill-sides ; not rare. May, June. 



18. BUPJLE1JRUM, Toum. THOKOUGII-WAX 



Calyx-teeth obsolete. Fruit ovate-oblong, flattened laterally or somewh/u 

 twin, the carpels 5-ribbed, with or without oil-tubes. Plants with simple entire 

 leaves and yellow flowers. (Name from fiovs , an ox, and TrXeupoi/, a rib ; it i& 

 uncertain why so called.) 



1. B. ROTUNDir6LiUM, L. Leaves broadly ovate, pcrfoliatc ; involucre, 

 none; involuccls of 5 large ovate leaflets. Fields, New York, Perm., and Vir- 

 ginia; rare. (Adv. from Eu.) 



19. I>ISCOPL,EUKA, DC. MOCK BISIIOI'-WKKD. 



Calyx-toeth awl-shaped. Fruit ovoid ; the carpels each with 3 strong ribs on 

 the back, and 2 broad lateral ones united with a thickened corky margin : inter- 

 vals with single oil-tubes. Smooth and slender branched annuals, with the 

 leaves finely dissected into bristle-form divisions, and white flowers. Involucre 

 and involucels conspicuous. (Name from SiWos-, a disk, and n\fvpov, a rid.) 



1. D. Capillficra, DC. Umbel few-rayed; leaf.ets of the involucre 

 3-5-cleft; iuvolnccls longer than the umhellets ; fruit ovate in outline. 

 Brackish swamps, Massachusetts to Virginia, and southward. July -Oct. 



2. 1>. \llll;cl!ii. DC. Umbel many-rayed ; leaflets of the involucre 

 mostly entire and shorter; fruit globular. Wet prairies, Kentucky am' south 

 muni. 





