184 COMPOSITE. (COMPOSITE FAMILY.) 



2. EEEPHANTOPUS, L. ELEPHANT VFOOT. 



Heads 3 - 5-flowcred, clustered into a compound head : flowers perfect. Invo- 

 lucre narrow, flattened, of 8 oblong dry scales. Achenia many-ribbed. Pappus 

 of stout bristles, chaffy-dilated at the base. Perennials, with alternate leaves 

 and purplish flowers. (Name composed of eAe<ar, tb-phant, and Trots, foot.) 



1. E. Carolinianus, Wiild. Somewhat hairy, corymbose, leafy ; 

 leaves ovate-oblong, thin. Dry soil, Pennsylvania to Illinois and southward. 



3. SCLEROLEPIS, Cass. SCLEROLKI-IS. 



Head many-flowered: flowers perfect. Scales of the involucre linear, equal, 

 in 1-2 rows. Corolla 5-toothcd. Achenia 5-angled. Pappus a single row of 

 almost horny oval and obtuse scales. A smooth aquatic perennial, with simple 

 etcms, rooting at the base, bearing linear entire leaves in whorls of 5 or 6, and 

 terminated by a head of flesh-colored flowers. (Name from oxX^pos, hard, and 

 XfTTiSi a scale, alluding to the pappus.) 



1. S. verticillata, Cass. Pine barrens, New Jersey and southward. 

 Aug. 



4. HAT R IS, Schreb. BUTTON SNAKEROOT. BLAZING-STAR. 



Head several - many-flowered : flowers perfect. Scales of the involucre im- 

 bricated, appressed. Ileceptacle naked. Corolla 5-lobed. Achenia slender, 

 tapering to the base, about 10-ribbed. Pappus of 15-40 capillary bristles, 

 which are manifestly plumose, or only barbellate. Perennial herbs, often 

 resinous-dotted, with rigid alternate entire leaves, and heads of handsome rose- 

 purplc flowers, spicatc, racemose, or paniclcd-cymosc, appearing late in summer 

 or in autumn. (Derivation of the name unknown.) 



1 . Stem usually wand-like and simple, from a globular or roundish corm or tuber 

 (which is impregnated with resinous matter), very leafy : leans narrow or grass-like 

 \-5-nervcd: heads spicate or racemed: involucre well iinl>rical<d: lobes of the 

 corolla long and slender. 



* Pappus very plumose ; scales of the 5-Jlowered involucre with ovate or lanceolate 



spread in; i jietal-like (purple or sometimes white) tips, e.ranUng tin jlmcirs. 



1. L.. clematis, Willd. Stem (3 -5 high) and involuore hairy; leaves 

 short and spreading; spike or raceme compact (1 long). Barren soil, Vir- 

 ginia and southward. 



# # Pappus very plumose : scales of the. cylindrical niamj-floirerfd iiirolnnv. imbri- 



cated in many rows, the tips rigid, not petal-like: corolla hairy within. 



2. L. squarrosa, Willd. (BLAZING-STAR, &c.) Often hairy (l-3 u 

 high) ; leaves linear, elongated ; heads few (!' long) ; scales of the involucre mostly 

 with elongated and leaf-like spreading tips. Dry soil, Pennsylvania to Illinois 

 and southward. 



3. L. cylindracea, Michx. Commonly smooth (6'- 18' high) ; leaves 

 linear; heads few ('-' long) ; scales of the involucre all with short and rounded 

 ap]Yressedtip$. Dry open places, Niagara Falls to Wisconsin, and southeastward. 





