190 COMPOSITE. "( C ' OAI1>OSITK FAMILY.) 



tn close dusters, few-flowered; papjnis white. Thickets, S. New England to 

 Virginia, neur the coast. July. 



2. S. COIiyxoides, Necs. Somewhat pubescent; leaves oblong-lanceolate 

 or the lower spatulate, month/ serrate towards the apex, ciliate, veiny ; heads rather 

 loosely coryinbed, obconical (4" -6" long); pappus rusty-color. Dry ground ; 

 common. July. 



3. S. tortifolillS, Nces. Hoary-pubescent; leaves olovate or oblong-spatu- 

 litp, short ('-!' long), turned edgewise, both sides alike, nearly veinless ; heads 

 rather loosely coryinbed, obovoid (4" -5" long) ; pappus white. Pine woodi 

 Virginia and southward. Aug. 



GAJ,ATELLA HYSSorirdLiA, Nccs, is omitted, because it has not been found 

 in our district, and probably is not an American plant. 



13. ASTER, L. STARWORT. ASTER. 



Heads many-flowered, radiate ; the ray -flowers in a single series, fertile. 

 Scales of the involucre more or less imbricated, usually with herbaceous or leaf- 

 like tips. Receptacle flat, alveolate. Achenia generally more or less flattened. 

 Pappus simple, of capillary bristles. Perennial herbs (or annual in 6), with 

 corymbed, panieled, or racemose heads. Rays white, purple, or blue : the disk 

 yellow, often changing to purple. (Name dornp, a star, from the appearance 

 of the radiate heads of flowers.) 



$ 1. BIOTIA, DC. Involucre obovoid-bell-shapcd ; the scales regularly imbricated 

 in several rows, oppressed, nearly destitute of herbaceous tijis: rays 6-15 (white or 

 nearly so) : achenia slender : lower leaves large, heart-shaped, petioled, coarsely ser- 

 rate : heads in open corymbs. 



1. A. COrymboSUS, Ait. Stem slender, somewhat zigzag; leaves thin, 

 smoothish, coarsely and unequally serrate with sharp spreading teeth, sharp-pointed, 

 ovate or ovate-lanceolate, all but the uppermost heart-shaped at the base and on 

 slender naked petioles; rays 6-9. Woodlands; common, especially north- 

 ward. July -Aug. Plant 1- 2 high, with smaller heads, looser corymbs, 

 rounder and less rigid exterior involncral scales, and thinner leaves, than the 

 next; not rough, but sometimes pubescent. 



2. A. macropliyllllS, L. Stem stout and rigid (2 -3 high); luvs 

 thickiuli, roui/h, cloudy wrratf., .somewhat pointed ; the lower heart-shaped \4' - 10 

 long, .{'-(>' wi(k'), long-petioled ; the upper ovate or oblong, sessile or on mar- 

 gined petioles; heads in ample rigid corymbs; ray* 12-25 (white or bluish). 

 Moist woods; common northward, and southward along the mountains. Aug., 

 Sept. Involucre /' broad ; the outer scales rigid, oblong or ovate-oblong, tho 

 innermost much larger and thinner. 



| 2. CALLlASTRUM, Torr. & Gr. Scales of the, involucre imlrlctitnl in .* nmt 

 rows, c(iri,irtoi/s, iril/i herbaceous sprraditif/ tt'jis: rays 12-30, vio/ct : achenia war- 

 row (smoothish): pappus' of rigid bristles of unequal thicknt'ss : .s-/r///-/V.,-/Tx all 

 tessile; lower ones not. heart-shaped: heads few, large and xhuiry. (Allied M 

 i 1, and to Serieocarpus.) 





