COMPOSITE. (COMPOSITE FAMILY.) 221 



7. C. <lol plsiaiifolia, Lam. Glabrous or nearly so ; leaves divided in- 

 to 3 sessile leaflets which are 2 - 5-parted, their divisions lance-linear ( 1 " - 3" broad), 

 rather rigid ; disk brownish. Fine woods, Virginia and southward. July. 



8. C. verticillata, L. Glabrous; leaves divided into 3 sessile lea/lets 

 which are 1 - 2-frinnatcly parted into narrowly linear or filiform divisions. Damp 

 Boil, from Maryland and Michigan southward. Also in gardens. July- Sept. 



9. C. |KlllSliita, Nutt. Nearly smooth, simple; Ic.aves broadly <vedg&~ 

 shaped, deep!// 3-cleft, rigid ; the lobes broadly linear, entire, or the middle one 3- 

 lobed. Prairies, Michigan to Wisconsin, and south westward. July. 



# * # * Achenia nearly orbicular, broadly winged, incurved, furnished with a calf OHM 

 tubercle on the inside at the top and bottom, crowned with 2 small chaff-like denticu- 

 late teeth : outer involucre about the length of the inner : rays large, coarsely 3-5- 

 tooUted: leaves opposite or the uppermost alternate: heads on long naked peduncles. 



10. C. auriculata. Linn. Pubescent or glabrous; steins l-4 high, 

 branching, sometimes with runners ; leaves mostly petiolcd, the upper oblong or oval- 

 lanceolate, entire ; the lower oval or roundish, some of tliem variously 3 - 5-lobed or 

 divided ; scales of the outer involucre oblong-linear or lanceolate, y. Ivich 

 woods and banks, Virginia, Kentucky, and southward. June -Sept. 



11. C. lailCCOluta, L. Smooth or hairy (l-2high); stems short, 

 tufted, branched only at the base; leaves all entire, lanceolate, sessile, the lowest 

 oblanceolate or spatulate, tapering into petioles; scales of the outer involucre 

 ovate-lanceolate. ]\. Kich or damp soil, Michigan to Virginia, Illinois, 

 and southward. July. Also cultivated. Heads showy : rays 1 ' long. 



2. Branches of tfie style truncate: rays rose-color : disk yellow. 



12. C. rdsea, Nutt. (ROSE-FLOWERED CORKOI>SIS.) Stem branching, 

 leafy, smooth (6'-20' high) ; leaves opposite, linear, entire ; heads small, some- 

 what corymbed, on short peduncles ; outer involucre very short ; rays 3-toothed ; 

 achcnia oblong, wingless; pappus an obscure crown-like border. 1J. Sandy 

 and grassy swamps, Plymouth, Massachusetts, to New Jersey, and southward : 

 rare. Aug. 



C. TINCTORIA, Nutt., a native of the plains beyond the Mississippi, with 

 the rays yellow above, and brown-purple towards the base, is now everywhere 

 common in gardens. 



42. B I DENS, L. BUR-MARIGOLD. 



Heads many-flowered; the rays when present 3-8, neutral. Involucre dou- 

 ble, the outer commonly large and foliaceous. Receptacle flattish, the chaflf 

 deciduous with the fruit. Achenia flattened parallel with the scales of the invo- 

 lucre, or slender and 4-sided, crowned with 2 or more" rigid and persistent awns 

 which are downwardly barbed. Annual or perennial herbs, with opposite van 

 ous leaves, and mostly yellow flcwers. (Latin bidens, two-toothed.) 

 =fc Achenia flat, not tapering at the summit. (All annuals?) 



1. JB. frond osa, L. (COMMON BEGGAR-TICKS.) Smooth or rathei 

 hairy, tall (2 -6 higM and branching; leaves 3-5-divided; the leaflets lanceo 



