330 POLEMONIACEJS. (POLEMONIUM FAMILY.) 



ternate pir.nate leaves, the upper leaflets sometimes confluent ; th-2 (blue Df 

 white) corymbose flowers nearly bractless. (An ancient name, from woAf/uos, 

 war, of doubtful application.) See Addend. 



1. P. rcptans, L. (JACOB'S LADDER.) Smooth, weak, diffusely branched 

 (6' - 10' high) ; leaflets 7-11, ovate-lanceolate or oblong ; corymbs few-flowered ; 

 flowers (blue) nodding; calyx-lobes acute; pods about 3-scedel. 1J. Shady 

 river-banks, W. New York to Wisconsin and southward. May Smaller and 

 much fewer-flowered than the P. OERtiLEUM, which is common :n gardens. 



2. PHLOX, L. PHLOX. 



Calyx narrow, somewhat prismatic, or plaited and angled. Corolla salver- 

 form, with a long tube. Stamens very unequally inserted in the tube of the 

 corolla, included. Pod ovoid, with a single seed in each cell. Chiefly peren- 

 nials, with opposite and sessile perfectly entire leaves, the floral often alternate. 

 Flowers cymosc, mostly bracted ; the open clusters terminal or crowded in the 

 upper axils. (*Xo^, flame, an ancient name of Lychnis, transferred to this 

 North Amei-ican genus.) 



* Stem strictly upright : panicle pyramidal or ol)long, many-flowered : peduncles and 



pedicels very short : lobes of the corolla entire. 



1. I*, paniciilata, L. Stem stout (2-4 high), smooth; leaves ob- 

 long-lanceolate and ovate-lanceolate, pointed, large, tapering at the base, the 

 upper often heart-shaped at the base; panicle ample, pyramidal-corymbed f calyx- 

 teeth awn-pointed. (P. undulnta, Ait., &c.) Var. ACIJMINA.TA (P. acuminata, 

 Pursh) has the broader and taper-pointed leaves beneath downy, like the stem, 

 which is also sometimes rough-hairy and occasionally spotted below. llich 

 woods, from Penn. to Illinois, and southward. June, July. Common in gar- 

 dens. Flowers pink-purple, varying to white. 



2. P. Iliacillata, L. (WiLD SWEET-WILLIAM.) Smooth, or barely 

 roughish ; stem spotted with purple, rather slender (l-2 high) ; lower leaves 

 lanceolate, the upper nearly ovate-lanceolate, tapering to the apex from the 

 broad and rounded or somewhat heart-shaped base ; panic//' narrow, oblong, leafy 

 below; calyx-teeth triangular-lanceolate, short, scarcely pointed} corolla purple 

 (sometimes white, when it is P. suaveolens, Ait.). Lower branches of the pani- 

 cle rarely elongated, so as to become pyramidal, when it is P. pyramidiilis, 

 Smith. Rich woods and river-banks, common from N. Penn. to Michigan, 

 Kentucky, and southward : very common in gardens. June. 



* * Stems ascending or upright, often from a decumbent base ; flowers in terminal 

 corymbcd cymes : the whole plant smooth and glabrous : lobes of the. corolla round 

 and entire : caly.r-tcrth short, triangular-lanceolate. 



3. P. Carolina, L. Stems ascending (^- 2 high), often from a pros- 

 trate base; leaves oblong-lanceolate, or the upper omte-lanceolate, and sometimes 

 heart-shaped at the base, acute or pointed ; flowers crowded, short-pcd uncled ; 

 cali/x-tot/i irrntr. Var. ovXTA, Boil/i., has broad loaves (P. ovata, L). Var. 

 NfTiDA, B'tith., has narrower leaves (P. nitida, I^itrsh.), and verges to the next. 

 Woods, W. Penn. to Michigan, Virginia, and southward. June, July.--* 

 Corolla 1' long; the limb 1' broad, pink-purple. 



