CYPERACEuE. (SEDGE FAMILY.) 497 



a narrowed base, beaked with a slender conical-awl-shaped distinct tabercle, 

 which nearly equals the 6 bristles. (E. reclinata, Kunth!) Wet slopes ; com- 

 mon northward, and west to Illinois. 



+*> -M- Hristles 2-4, shorter than the achenium and fragile, or none. 



9. E ti'iBtliS, Schultes. Culms almost capillary, erect, sharply 4-angulat 

 (1 high), the sides concave; spike elliptical, acutish, 20 - 30-fiowered (3" long) ; 

 scales ovate, obtuse, chestnut-purple with a broad scarious margin and green keel ; 

 achenium obovate, roughened with close and fine projecting dots, crowned with a small 

 depressed tubercle ; bristles 2-3, half the length of the achenium, or wanting. 

 (E. elliptica, Kunth!) Wet meadows and bogs; common. 



10. E. COBllpvessa, Sullivant. Culms fiat, strongly striate, slender, 

 erect (1^ high); spike ovate-oblong, 20 - 30-fiowered (4" long); scales lanceolate- 

 ovate, acute, dark purple with broad white pellucid margins and summit; the style 

 2-cleft ; achenium obovate-pear-shaped, obtusely 3-angled, obscurely wrinkled-pitted, 

 crowned with a small globular-conical tubercle; bristles none (rarely a single rudi- 

 ment). Wet places, N. New York, Ohio, and Illinois. Culms tufted on run- 

 ning rootstocks, 5'' broad, strikingly flat, spirally twisted in drying. 



11. E. melanocarpa, Torr. Culms flattened, grooved, wiry, erect (9' 

 - 18' high) ; spike cylindrical-ovoid or oblong, thick, obtuse, densely many-flowered 

 (3" -6" long) ; scales roundish-ovate, very obtuse, brownish with broad scarious 

 margins ; achenium smooth, obovate-top-shaped, obtusely triangular, the broad summit 

 entirely covered like a lid by the fiatly depressed tubercle, which is raised in the cen- 

 tre into a short abrupt triangular point ; bristles 3 or 4, shorter than the (soon 

 blackish) achenium, fragile, often obsolete. Wet sand, Plymouth, Massachu- 

 setts, to Virginia, and southward along the coast. Scales closely many-ranked, 

 as in the first division of 2. 



12. E. triCOStata, Torr. Culms fiattish, thread-like (1- 2 high) ; spike 

 cylindrical-oblong, densely many-flowered (6" -9" long), thickish; scales ovate, 

 very obtuse, rusty brown, with broad scarious margins ; achenium obovate, with 3 

 prominent thickened angles, minutely rough-wrinkled, crowned with a short-conical 

 acute tubercle; bristles none. Quaker Bridge, New Jersey (Knieskern), and 

 southward . 



- *- Spike lance-linear, scarcely broader than the sharply triangular culm : scales 

 Jew-ranked, greenish, finely several-nerved on the keeled back. ' 



13. E. RolVblBlSiij Oakes. Flower-bearing culms exactly triangular, rather 

 stout, erect (8' -2 high), also producing tufts of capillary abortive stems, like 

 fine leaves, which float in the water ; sheath obliquely truncate ; scales of tho 

 pointed spike 3-9, convolute-clasping, lanceolate, obtuse, with scarious mar- 

 gins; achenium oblong-obovate, 3-angular, minutely reticulated, about half the 

 length of the 6 downwardly-barbed strong bristles, tipped with a flattened awl- 

 shaped tubercle. Shallow water, from Pondicherry Pond, New Hampshire 

 (Rol>bins),to New Jersey, C. E. Smith, &c. Spike varying from \' to 1' long, by 

 1" wide ; the long scales being rather remote and sheath-like. 



$ 3. CIIJETOCYPEKUS, Nees. Scales of the compressed few - sever alfiowered 

 spike membranaceous, 2 - 3- ranked: bristles 3 - 6, fragile or fugacious : style 3-clefi : 

 achenium triangulu ' or somewhat terete : culms small a*td capillary. 



