520 CYPERACF^E. (SEDGE FAMILY.; 



what remote ; perigynia elliptical, obtusch triangular, compressed, obscurely 

 nerved, with a distinctly notched orifice, scarcely equalling the ovate sharp- 

 pointed or short-awncd (dark-brown or brownish) scale. (C. cancsccns, L., in 

 part.) Peat-bogs, New England to Wisconsin, and northward ; also southward 

 along the Allcghanies. (Eu.) 



56. C. atl'ata, L. Spikes 3 - 4, obhng-ovoid, approximate, all on short fili- 

 form stalks, at length drooping; perigynia ovoid, with a short notched point, 

 about the length of the ovate acute (brown or dark purple) scale. Alpine sum- 

 mits of the White Mountains, New Hampshire. About 12'- 15' high, with 

 rather rigid leaves, nearly equalling the culm. Fruit at first straw-color, mostly 

 becoming dark purple or nearly black. (Eu.) 



57. C. Shortiaiia, Dew. Spikes about 5, cylindrical, erect, more or lesg 

 distant, greenish turning straw-color, (i'-l^' l n >) an( l the lowest rather re- 

 mote, all androgynous and densely flowered; the terminal one about half stami- 

 nate, the rest with only a few barren flowers at the base, the 2-3 lower on short 

 stalks ; perigynia broadly obovate, abruptly contracted at the base into a short stalk, 

 with an extremely minute entire j>oinf, little longer than the short-pointed somewhat 

 obovate. scale. Marshes, S. Pennsylvania to Illinois, and southward. Plant 

 l-3high. 



f 2. Perigynia without a beak, smooth, slightly inflated, bluntly triangular, nerved, 

 with an obtuse and pointless orifice, or a short (and straight or oblique) entire 01 

 notched point : bracts leaf-like, sheathing: staininate spike solitary (except some- 

 times in No. 62), 01- androgynous and pistillate above; the rest all fertile. 



# Staminate spike on an elevated stalk (short-stalked or sessile in No. 63, 64, in 

 No. 61 occasionally with 1 -2 small ones at its base) : pistillate spikes 1-6, 

 erect, the upper on very short, the lower on more or less elongated cxscrted 

 stalks (short and included in No. 64) : bracts sliortcr than the culm (except in 

 No. 58 and 63) : perigynia with an entire and straight or oUiqui-ly bent point, glau- 

 cous-green when young, becoming cream-colored or yellow at r^.tuniu sometimes 

 spotted with purple (stigmas only 2 in No. 58) : pistillate scales dark-brown 

 with white margins, fading to tawny. (Leaves mostly radical, more cr ie.sa 



glaUCOUS.) PANfCE.K. 



r >8. C. UUK a, Ntitt. Fertile spikes 3-4, oblong, loosely floircred, the In west 

 often ,v.ry remote; p<rigyn!a obovate or pear-shapul, obtuse, longer than the ovate 

 scate scale ; stigmas 2 ; achenium lenticular. (C. pyriformis, Schw.) Wet grassy 

 banks, especially on limestone; New England to Wisconsin, and northward, 

 A slender, delicate species, 4' -8' high, with long grassy leaves, and bracts 

 exceeding the culm. Sterile spike often with some fertile flowers at the apex. 



59. C. livi<la, Willd. Fertile spikes 1-2, rarely with a third near the 

 base of the culm, 10- \5 : /l<jic<rcd ; perigynia ovoid-olilong , with faint pellucid nerves, 

 tipped with a straight obtuse point, rather longer than the ovate scale. (C. 

 limosa, var. livida \Vultl. (J. (irayana, Uur.) Peat-bogs and wet pine barrens, 

 New Jersey, Oriskany, New York, and high northward. Occurs rarely with a 

 single (sterile) spike, or with an additional fertile one on an erect stalk 6-9 

 long, arising from the base of the culm. Plant very glaucous, the leaves rigid 

 and finely tuporing. (Eu.J 



