CTPERACE^E. (SEDGE FAMILY.) 527 



filiform nodding stalks ; bracts exceeding the culm, with short or nearly obsolete 

 sheaths ; perigynia ovoid-triangular, very smooth and thin, with an entire or very 

 minutely notched orifice, longer than the ovate short-awned white scale. (C. 

 prasina, Wahl.) Kills and wet meadows ; rather common. In aspect some- 

 what resembles the smaller short-awned forms of No. 51, with which it ha? points 

 of affinity, though differing materially in the 3 stigmas and triangular fruit. 



92. C. scabrafa, Schw. Fertile spikes 4-5, cylindrical, erect, rather 

 distant, densely flowered, the lower on long stalks ; bracts without sheaths, exceed- 

 ing the culm ; perigynia ovoid, contracted at the base, prominently few-nerved, 

 rough, spreading at maturity, with an obliquely notched beak, longer than the 

 ovate slightly ciliate brown scale ; culm, leaves, and bracts very roii(/h. Wet 

 meadows and swamps, New England to Perm., Michigan, and northward. 



93. C. Sllllivailtii, Boott. Fertile spikes 3 - 5, commonly 4, narrowly cy 

 lindrical, erect, loosely flowered, the upper approximate, the lowest often remote, 

 tapering towards the base and slightly compound, all on rough stalks ; bracts 

 sheathing, not exceeding the hairy culm ; perigynia elliptical, hairy, slightly 

 stalked, with an entire or notched orifice, rather longer than the ovate hairy- 

 fringed rough-aimed white scale. Woods, Columbus, Ohio, Sullivant. About 

 2 high, with hairy leaves and bracts, and slender fertile spikes !'-!' long. 

 Resembles the next, but is at once distinguished by the erect spikes, hairy and 

 nerveless fruit, and hairy leaves. 



< 8. Pei'igynia slightly inflated, 3-angled, smooth and shining, green, vith a straight 

 tapering beak terminating in 2 small membranaceous teeth (marly obsolete 

 in No. 96) : lower bracts green and sheathing : pistillate scales nwny, becom- 

 ing white : staminate spike solitary, stalked : pistillate spikes 3-4, loosely Jhn- 

 ered, all on long and fllifonn nodding stalks. 



* Fertile spikes long and slender, remote: perigynia few-nerved : brac^A. equalling or 

 exceeding the culm. DEBILES. 



94. C arrtfsta, Boott. Fertile spikes few-flowered and nar^^wed to:varcn 

 the base; perigynia ovoid-elliptical, triangular, short-stalked, rather blir* at the bast 

 the beak very short, longer than the pointed scale. (C. sylvatica (-*w., not C" 

 Hudson. C. Knicskemii, Dew.) Woods and meadows, New Englr^ \ to Pcur> 

 sylvariia, and northward. 



95. C dcbillS} Michx. Staminate spike occasionally fertile at 

 fertile spikes with loose alternate flowers, on a somewhat zigzag rhachis ; 



long, tapering at each end, twice as long as the ovate-lanceolate awned scale. ^. 

 tenuis, Radge. C. flexuosa, Muhl.) Moist meadows, N. New England t 

 Pennsylvania, and southwestward. 



# * Fertile spikes short : perigynia nerveless, or very obscurely nerved in No. 97 

 bracts erect, shorter than the culm. FLEXILES. 



96. C. capillfiris, L. Fertile spikes commonly 3, minute, icith about 6 alter 

 nate flowers; perigynia oblong-ovoid, contracted at the base, tapering into a long slight 

 ly serrulate beak, with an oblique nearly entire orifice, longer than the ovate scale. 

 Point cle Tour, Lake Michigan ; alpine summits of the White Mountains, 

 New Hampshire, and high northward. An extremely delicate specie?, 4'-tt 

 high, with spikes i'-%' long, and a line or less in width. (Eu.) 



