GRAMINE^E. (GRAfcS FAMILY.) 547 



12. C AL,AMAGROTI, Adaus. REED BENT-GKASS. 



Spikulets 1 -flowered, and often with a pedicel or rudiment of a second abor- 

 tive flower, in an open or spiked panicle. Glumes keeled or boat-shaped, often 

 acute, commonly nearly equal, and exceeding the flower, which is surrounded 

 at the base by a copious tuft of white bristly hairs. Paleae membranaceous, or 

 in the second and third sections of a firmer texture ; the lower bearing a slender 

 awn on the back or below the tip, rarely awnless ; the upper mostly shorter. 

 Stamens 3. Grain free. Perennials, with running rootstocks, and mostly tall 

 and simple rigid culms. (Name compounded of KaAa/ios, a reed, and dypdo-ris, 

 a grass.) 



$ 1. CALAMAGROSTIS PROPER. Flower, frc. much as in Agrostis, except 

 the hairy tuft : the boat-shaped glumes and the palete membranaceous ; the former 

 equal or the lower one rather longer : loioer palea 3 - 5-nerved, awned on the back : 

 panicle open. (All the following have a rudimentary plumose pedicel of a second 

 Jlower.) 



* Glumes open or loose after flowering. 



1. C. CailcUlcnsiS, Beauv. (BLUE JOINT-GRASS.) Panicle oblong, 

 loose (often purplish) ; lower palea nearly as long as the lanceolate acute glumes, 

 not exceeding the very fine hairs, bearing an extremely delicate awn below the middle 

 scarcely equalling or exceeding the hairs ; rudimentary pedicel minute. ( Arun- 

 do Canadensis, Michx. C. Mexicana, Nutt.) Wet grounds; common north- 

 ward, and southward along the Alleghanics. July. Rather glaucous, 3 - 5 

 high: leaves flat. Glumes rough, 1^" long. See Addend 



* * Glumes closed in f.uit. 



2. C. COllfiniS, Nutt. Panicle elongated, narrow (5' -8' long), the 

 branches appressed after flowering, pale ; lower palta nearly equalling the oblong- 

 lanceolate acute glumes, % longer than the hairs (excepting those of the conspicuous 

 rudiment), bearing between the middle and the base a rather stout and slightly exserted 

 awn. (Ar. confinis, Willd. I C. incxpansa, Gray.} Swamps, N. and \V. New 

 York (especially Penn Yan, Sartwell) and Pennsylvania. July. Spikelets 

 rather larger than m the last; upper glume more or less shorter.' 



3. C. coarctata, TOIT. Panicle contracted, dense (3' -6' long); lower 

 palea shorter than the taper-pointed tips of the lanceolate glumes, almost twice the length 

 of the hairs (excepting the strong tuft borne by the conspicuous rudiment), bear- 

 ing a rigid and exserted short awn above the middle. (C. Canadensis, Nutt.) 

 Wet grounds, Mass, to Wisconsin? and (chiefly) southward. Aug. Culm 

 3 - 5 high. Glumes 4" long. Grain hairy, crowned with a bearded tuft. 



4. C. Pickei'iligii. Panicle dense and narrow (3' -5' long, purplish) ; 

 palea; nearly equal, rather shorter than the ovate-oblong merely acute glumes ; awn 

 inserted between the middle and the base, stout, often a little bent, not exceeding the 

 glumes ; hairs very short and scanty, \ the length of the palea;, half as long as the 

 small plumose rudiment. Alpine region of the White Mountains of New 

 Hampshire; first collected by Dr. Pickering and Mr. Oakes. Sept. Culml 

 high. Spikelets smaller and glumes less pointed than in C. sylvatica, DC, to 

 which belongs C. purpurasccns, R. Br. ? Leaves short and flat 



