602 LYCOPODIACK^K. (CLUB-MOSS FAMILY.) 



2. B. Tii-giilicum, Swartz. Sterile frond sessile above the middle of the 

 Btalk of the fertile one, ternate ; the short-stalked primary divisions once or twice 

 pinnate, and then once or twice pinnatitid, thin, the lobes cat-toothed towards 

 the apex, oblong; fructification mostly 2-pinnate : plant 1-2 C high, or often 

 reduced to 5' -10', when it is B. gracile, Pursh. Rich woods; common. 

 July, Aug. (Eu.) 



Var. ? Simplex (B. simplex, Hitchcock] appears to be a remarkably de- 

 pauperate state of this, only 2' - 5' high ; the sterile frond reduced to a single 

 short-stalked division, and simply or doubly pinnatifid, the kbes obovate or 

 oblong, thinner, and the veins more perceptible than in the European B. Luna- 

 ria. W. New England, New York, and northward. 



2O. OPIIIOGL-OSSUITI, L. ADDER'S-TONGUE. (Tab. 13.) 



Frond a naked stalk rising straight, bearing a lateral sterile portion resembling 

 in form an entire leaf with finely reticulated immersed veins, and a simple 

 terminal spike, on the edges of which the opaque and coriaceous sessile veinless 

 sporangia are closely packed, in 2 ranks, all more or less coherent together, so 

 as to appear necklace-jointed, transversely 2-valvcd. Spores copious, sulphur- 

 color. (Name compounded of 6'<iy, a serpent, and -yXooao-a, tongue.) 



1. O. VuDgatum, L. Sterile frond (in the N. American form) obovate 

 or ovate with a tapering sessile base (l'-3' long), and mostly home below the 

 middle of the stalk of the fertile spike. Bogs and meadows : not common, 

 June. (Eu.) 



ORDER 137. LYCOPODIACE^E. (CLUB-Moss FAMILY.) 



Low plants, usually of Moss-like aspect, with their solid and often woolly 

 tttems tiiickly clothed with sessile aid-shaped or lanceolate persistent and .si'w- 

 ple leaves , bearing the 2 - 4-valved spore-cases sessile in their axils ; repre- 

 sented by only two genera. 



1. 1.Y CO PODIUM, L., Spring. CLUB-MOSS. (Tab. U.) 



Spore-cases of one kind (sporangia, much like those of Ophioglossum, only 

 larger), coriaceous, flattened, usually kidney-shaped, 1 -celled, opening by a trans- 

 verse line round the margin, thus 2-valvcd, discharging the subtile spores in the 

 form of a copious sulphur-colored inflammable powder. Perennials, with ever- 

 green 1-nerved leaves, imbricated or crowded in 4-16 ranks. (Name compound- 

 ed of Xu/cof, a wolf, and TTOVS, foot, from no obvious resemblance.) 



4 1. Sporangia scattered in the axils of the ordir.ari/ and uniform (dark-green and 



shining, rigid, about 8-ranked) leaves. 



1. L.. lucid Ilium, Michx. Stems thick, 2 or 3 times forked, the branches 

 nscemling (6'-12' high); leaven widely spreading or rrfcrcd, linear-lanceolate, 1 

 acute, minutely toothed. Cold, damp woods ; common northward. Axigust. 

 Little bulblets form in the axils of the loaves of young shoots, Austin, Roth- 



