ORCHARD INSECTS 



295 



in a single year and leave the trees in early summer through 

 elliptical exit holes. The adult beetle is about one-half inch 

 long, of a dull metallic-brown color above, under the wing- 

 covers bright metallic greenish-blue, and the wing-covers 

 taper sharply at the tip. The beetles are active in the day 

 and may often be found on logs or trees. 



Injury by this species is not so common if trees are kept 

 in a healthy condition, but where it occurs it may be com- 

 bated the same as the 

 round-headed borer ex- 

 cept that the washes 

 should be applied higher 

 on the trunks and on 

 the lower limbs as far 

 as they can be reached. 



156. The Woolly 

 Apple-aphis.* The 

 woolly apple-aphis will 

 be found clustered in 

 bluish-white , cottony 

 masses, looking like 

 patches of mold, on the 



smaller apple twigs, particularly water-sprouts, and around 

 wounds or scars on the trunk or limbs. Their presence 

 in these places is usually in indication that others are upon 

 the roots where they cause gall-like swellings so that the 

 roots soon become a mass of knots and die in a year or two 

 if the injury continues. When badly infected a tree becomes 

 sickly, the foliage turns yellow, and if not killed outright, it 

 falls an easy prey to borers and other pests. 



In the spring the aphides found on the roots and under 

 bits of bark on the trunk are those which have successfully 



* Eriosoma lanigera Hausm. Family Aphididce, see page 66. 



d 



FIG. 212. The flat-headed apple-tree 

 borer (Chrysobothris femorata Fab.). 

 (After Chittenden, U. S. Dept. Agr.) 



a, larva; b, beetle; c, head of male; d, pupa 

 twice natural size. 



