INTRODUCTION. XV11 



imate composition of his soil, either by a pre- 

 vious knowledge of the crops grown on it, or 

 by an analysis, so that he may renew those 

 ingredients that are not already in sufficient 

 quantity to meet the demands of the- trees. A 

 pear tree planted on a poorly prepared soil may 

 often show signs of vigor and healthfulness 

 for a few years, but the absence of the neces- 

 sary constituents will soon become apparent, 

 and unless some means are taken to restore 

 them, premature death is sure to follow. 



There is no good reason why the horticul- 

 turist should not know the anatomy of the 

 trees, and the composition of the soil, as well 

 as the skillful physician comprehends the con- 

 dition and surroundings of the human body. 



It is my intention in this work to present 

 to the reader plain and thoroughly practical 

 directions on pear culture, relating my own 

 experience as far as possible. My desire is to 

 give instructions so minute that those who 

 may follow them will learn how to propagate 

 a tree in the nursery row, prepare the soil for 

 its permanent location, give it such attention 

 during the early stages of growth as to in- 

 sure a strong, vigorous tree, that when the 

 time shall arrive for producing fruit, they 



