120 KEEP THE BARK CLEAN. 



the same as is used in budding, and then put on 

 some grafting wax, so that the air would be excluded 

 where the ends of the scions were inserted. The 

 adjoining cut is an accurate drawing of one of these 

 girdled trees at the end of the first season. Thero 

 were three scions inserted in this tree. By this sim- 

 ple means, every one of the trees were saved, and to- 

 day they look as healthy and vigorous as any in the 

 orchard. On this occasion, however, I found that 

 the trees injured were those growing in or near 

 grass, and although I could trace the paths of the 

 mice in diiferent parts of the orchard, no tree that 

 stood in plowed ground had been touched. 



The knowledge of this fact I consider valuable. 

 In the future I will keep the surface of the ground 

 entirely free from grass. 



A WASH FOE PEAR TREES. It has been re- 

 marked by a close observer of human nature, that 

 the moral tone of a community can readily be esti- 

 mated from a knowledge of the amount of soap 

 used therein. 



It may be said with equal propriety, that the 

 health and fruitfulness of a pear orchard depends to 

 a great extent on the cleanliness of the bark. To 

 preserve an orchard in vigor and health, the bark 

 must be kept clean. The growth of moss and fungi 

 on the body and branches of a fruit tree indicates 



