170 PEPACTON 



knew them perhaps as a hunter, -as well as a poet. 

 At least this passage would indicate as much : 



" As wild geese that the creeping fowler eye, 

 Or russet-pated choughs, many in sort, 

 Rising and cawing at the gun's report, 

 Sever themselves and madly sweep the sky." 



In calling the choughs "russet-pated" he makes 

 the hill tinge the whole head, or perhaps gives the 

 effect of the "birds' markings when seen at a dis- 

 tance; the hill is red, the head is hlack. The 

 chough is a species of crow. 



A poet must know the hirds well to make one of 

 his characters say, when he had underestimated a 

 man, "I took this lark for a bunting," as Lafeu 

 says of Parolles in "All 's Well that Ends Well." 

 The English hunting is a field-bird like the lark, 

 and much resembles the latter in form and color, 

 but is far inferior as a songster. Indeed, Shake- 

 speare shows his familiarity with nearly all the 

 British birds. 



" The ousel-cock, so black of hue, 



With orange-tawny bill, 

 The throstle with his note so true, 

 The wren with little quill. 



" The finch, the sparrow, and the lark, 



The plain-song cuckoo gray, 

 Whose note full many a man doth mark, 

 And dares not answer nay." 



In " Much Ado about Nothing " we get a glimpse 

 of the lapwing : 



" For look where Beatrice, like a lapwing, runs 

 Close by the ground, to hear our conference." 



