CHIEF ENTOMOLOGICAL AUTHORS. 425 



Hymenoptera; of which his recently published " Hymenoptero- 

 rum Monographic" are the most valuable. 



FABRICIUS (Johann Christian). A German entomologist, pupil 

 of Linnaeus, and professor at Kiel in Holstein; born 1747 ; died, 

 3rd of May, 1810, aged 63*, especially distinguished as the founder 

 of the Cibarian mode of distribution of insects (established upon 

 the structure of the mouth) ; but more deservedly known and 

 cited as a most extensive describer of species of insects. His 

 chief works are Entomologia Systematica, in 4 vols., 8vo, com- 

 menced in 1794, and in which those species of all orders with 

 which Fabricius had become acquainted in his numerous voyages, 

 are described. He visited England several times, and was on terms 

 of friendly intercourse with Sir Joseph Banks, &c. Subsequently, 

 he published as distinct works the Systema Eleutheratorum (Co- 

 leoptera) ; Antliatorum (Diptera) ; Piezatorum (Hymenoptera) ; 

 and Rhyngotorum (Hemiptera, Homoptera). 



FALLEN. A Swedish entomologist, chiefly distinguished by his 

 works intitled Diptera Sueciae, and Hemiptera Sueciae, &c. ; in 

 which the species of these and some other orders found in Sweden 

 are carefully described. 



GEOFFROY. A French author, contemporary with Linnaeus; 

 especially remembered on account of his introduction of the vari- 

 ations in the number of tarsal points, as affording sectional groups 

 in the order Coleoptera. His chief work is intitled " Histoire 

 abregee des Insectes," &c. Paris, 1764, 2 vols. 4to. 



GRAVENHORST (Dr. J. L. C.) Professor of Natural History at 

 Breslaw, author of various works upon the Brachelytra (Staphyli- 

 nid<e), and also upon the Ichneumonidae. Ichneumonologia 

 Europaea, in 3 large 8vo volumes, is his most valuable work. 



GUERIN (Mons. F. E.) A French naturalist and artist, author 

 of numerous detached Entomological Memoirs, with beautiful illus- 

 trations ; but especially distinguished by his Iconographie du 

 Regne Animal, in which types of all the leading genera of ani- 

 mals are figured, with an infinity of details of structure. 



GYLLENHALL (Leonard). Author of a very valuable work in 4 

 volumes, 8vo, intitled Insecta Sueciae ; but comprising only the 

 beetles found in Sweden. His descriptions are admirable. 



HAWORTH (Adrian Hardy). An English entomologist, founder 

 of the old Entomological Society, and author of Lepidoptera Bri- 

 tannica, a work consisting of careful descriptions of all the species 

 of lepidopterous insects with which the author was acquainted. 

 Died in 1834. 



* There is some confusion in entomological works as to these dates. 

 Those given above are derived from information given to me by Dr. 

 Fabricius, of Kiel, son of the entomologist. 



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