THE FUNCTIONS OF A UNIVERSITY 239 



therefore, that it is conducive to the furtherance of know- 

 ledge that the investigator should be actively engaged in 

 teaching. But he should always keep in view the fact 

 that his pupils should themselves learn how to investi- 

 gate ; and he should endeavour to inculcate that spirit in 

 them. 



It follows that the teachers in the Philosophical Faculty 

 should be selected only from those who are themselves 

 contributing to the advancement of knowledge ; for if they 

 have not the spirit of research in them how shall they 

 instil it into others ? It is our carelessness in this respect 

 (I do not speak of University College, which has always 

 been guided by these principles, but of our country as a 

 whole) which has made us so backward as compared with 

 some other nations. It is this which has made the vast 

 majority of our statesmen so careless, because so ignorant, 

 of the whole frame of mind of the philosopher ; and which 

 has made it possible for men high in the political estima- 

 tion of their countrymen to misconceive the functions 

 of a University. It is true that one of these functions of a 

 University is to ' train men and women fit for the manifold 

 requirements of the Empire ' ; that we should all heartily 

 acknowledge ; but no man who has any claim to university 

 culture can possibly be contented if the University does 

 not annually produce much work of research. It is its 

 chief excuse for existence ; a University which does not 

 increase knowledge is no University ; it may be a technical 

 school ; it may be an examining board ; it may be a 

 coaching establishment ; but it has no claim to the name 

 University. The best way of fitting young men for the 

 manifold requirements of the Empire is to give them the 

 power of advancing knowledge. 



It may be said that many persons are incapable of 

 exhibiting originality. I doubt it. There are many 

 degrees of originality, as there are many degrees of 



