1 82 ESSENTIALS OF BACTERIOLOGY 



Form. Rounded or oval, 5 p. in diameter, singly, in pairs, or 

 short chains. 



Properties. Non-motile, though flagella' said to be present; 

 grows slowly, best at body-temperature. 



Gelatin. Not liquefied; growth very slow. 



Bouillon. Turbid, with sediment. 



Agar. Pearly white growths. 



Potato. Slight invisible growth. 



Stained by ordinary anilin dyes. 



The disease may be produced in monkeys by even small 

 amounts of pure culture. In man a chronic, remittent febrile 

 disease is produced, with sweating and arthritis. The mortality 

 is 2 per cent. A serum reaction can be obtained and is diag- 

 nostic. 



Microorganisms have been found by various observers in 

 measles, scarlatina, mumps, and whooping-cough, but their 

 specificity is still in doubt. 



Mode of Transmission. Zammitt found that 50 per cent, 

 of the goats of Malta gave the agglutination reaction to the 

 micrococcus, and it was present in the milk in 10 per cent. 

 Monkeys fed on the milk contracted the disease. 



Preventive measures instituted in 1906 have borne out the 

 theory that the milk of goats is the cause of Malta fever, and 

 since the practice of importing goats from Malta has stopped, 

 the disease has disappeared from Gibraltar. In Malta, among 

 the troops, the fever has been greatly reduced by eliminating 

 milk from the dietary. 



Bacillus Enteritidis Sporogenes (Klein) . Origin. First 

 isolated from stools of infantile diarrhea. It is found in sewage. 



Form. Bacillus twice as long as it is broad, often containing 

 a spore at one end. Is slightly motile and has flagella. 



Growth. Grows well under anaerobic conditions in ordinary 

 media. Liquefies gelatin in twenty-four hours, produces 

 acid and gas in bile-salt glucose media. In milk it separates 

 the curd in twenty-four hours, with abundant gas-formation. 



Pathogenesis. If a small quantity of the milk culture is 

 inoculated into a guinea-pig, the animal dies in twenty-four 



