IQ2 ESSENTIALS OF BACTERIOLOGY 



Trypanosoma Ugandense Gambiense (T. Castellani, 

 T. Hominis, T. Neprevi). Sleeping sickness, or human try- 

 panosomiasis, is a disease peculiar to some parts of Africa. It 

 is accompanied by periods of fever, anemia, and, finally, a 

 lethargy deepening into coma and death. The disease may 

 be rapid, and it may last with recurrences for many years. 

 Trypanosomes identical with those found in nagana disease 

 have been found in the blood of infected persons, and described 

 by various observers, and given different names. 



Monkeys, when inoculated with cerebrospinal fluid from 

 affected persons, develop a similar disease, and the parasites 

 are found in the blood. 



A blood-sucking fly, known as the Glossina palpalis, is con- 

 sidered the means of infection. The fly is closely related to the 

 Glossina morsitans, or tsetse fly. The sleeping sickness in 

 man is most likely the same thing as the nagana of cattle. 



Trypanosoma Evansi (Evans, 1880). Pathogenic for 

 all animals. 



Discovered in the blood of horses suffering from surra, a 

 disease prevalent in India and the Philippine Islands. The 

 disease resembles nagana. 



T. equiperdum and T. Rougetii are names given to similar 

 organisms found in dourine, a disease affecting horses in 

 southern France and Spain. Trypanosomes are found in 

 fish, oysters, birds, and frogs, and many varieties have been 

 described. 



Piroplasma Bovis (P. Bigeminum) (T. H. Smith, 1893). 

 Origin. In the blood of animals suffering from Texas cattle- 

 fever. 



Form. A pear-shaped protozoon, found in pairs in the red 

 cells of the blood, the smaller ends of pear in opposition; coarse 

 ameboid movement. 



Transmission. An insect or tick (Boophilis bovis) becomes 

 infected, and by its bite infects other animals. 



Other similar sporozoa have been found in animal diseases 

 and in man in Rocky mountain fever. The P. hominis has 

 been described, but not definitely determined. 



