IQ4 ESSENTIALS OF BACTERIOLOGY 



fering from this disease become attacked with the fever, and 

 in their blood the spirillum is again found. It is found in the 

 blood, only in the relapses (during the fever) . After the attack 

 the spirilla gather in the spleen and gradually die there. It 

 has been found in the brain, spleen, liver, and kidneys. In the 

 secretions it has not been discovered. 



Agglutinating substances have been developed. Immunity 

 has been produced in rats, and the serum has antitoxic proper- 

 ties. 



Transmission. The bed-bug retains the spirillum in its 

 blood and is considered an important factor in spreading the 

 disease. 



African Tick Fever. A spirochaete similar to that of relapsing 

 fever has been observed in ticks, which conveyed a disease to 

 monkeys similar to the above fever. 



Spirochaete Pallida (Schaudinn, IpOs) ; Spironema 

 Pallidum; Treponema Pallidum. Found in hereditary 



. ', *.- ^Ltr " *" .^V* ' ' j.- fyar^'A 



- . \ %' w^.**'-' '% 



^(B - 



fc 



^ ^*w 



Fig. 119. Spirochaeta pallida. Microphotograph made by Dr. R. E. Laven- 

 son from a specimen prepared by H. Fox (Stengel). 



syphilis in all organs, in chancre, and lymphatic glands, and 

 in secondary lesions. 



Form. A minute, spiral-shaped organism, with six to eight 

 curves, ends tapering. Actively motile in fresh specimen (Fig, 

 119). 



