WINDMILLS AND PUMPS. 247 



rust. Nothing short of a tornado or cyclone can blow it 

 over. The steel wheel is in keeping with its tower. The 

 fans being made of steel and bent into curved shapes, 

 produce more power by far than a straight wooden slat. 

 This being the case, smaller wheels may be used than 

 if made of wood, for the same amount of work. The 

 wheel being geared so as to require three revolutions to 

 make one stroke of the pump also increases the power. 

 Back gearing enables the wheel to run at a natural and 

 a more rapid rate of speed. 



It is well known that more power can be derived 

 from a fast running wheel of any description than 

 from a slow one. Economy in buying is extravagance 

 in using. In raising a tower it is best to employ some- 

 one who has had experience in. that line. Have four 

 hundred or five hundred feet of rope, double tackle 

 blocks, besides poles for shores to raise it high enough 

 for the blocks to take hold, and guy ropes to steady it 

 until fastened to posts. Have the posts set, and if on a 

 steel outfit be sure that they are perfectly level or the 

 mill will not be plumb. Steel towers must be raised 

 with the main castings attached, and the wheel and vane 

 put on afterward, although they may be put on before 

 raising if there is sufficient help. In wooden towers the 

 frames should be raised alone and the castings hoisted 

 into place by means of a gin pole and ropes. Also be 

 sure that the tower is level before fastening to posts. 

 Care must be taken in setting the posts, that they are 

 exactly the right distance apart. Where tanks are de- 

 sired, it is best to buy them from regular dealers who 

 also furnish instructions for putting them up. 



Care of Windmills. A windmill in daily use 

 should be oiled at least every two weeks. This, in icy 

 weather, is no desirable task. Several methods have 

 been introduced to overcome this difficulty. Large stor- 

 age cups are used by some. One or two firms use what 



