256 



IRRIGATION FARMING. 



acres, with twenty horse-power engine. No. 8 pump, 320 

 acres, with forty horse-power engine. The writer once 

 saw an ordinary ten horse-power threshing engine drive 

 a Xo. 8 pump, raising water enough 4500 gallons a 

 minute to irrigate 320 acres of land easily. The ex- 

 terior view of a centrifugal pump is shown in Figure 77. 

 Hydraulic Rams. These machines have been 

 very much improved of late years, and are now quite ex- 

 tensively depended upon for domestic and irrigating 



FIG. 78. HYDRAULIC RAM IN PARTS. 



water supply in the West and South. The principle on 

 which the hydraulic ram works is simple and easily un- 

 derstood. A hydraulic ram consists of three parts two 

 valves and an air chamber. In Figure 78 will be seen 

 the working parts of a ram exposed to view. J is the 

 air chamber; P, delivery pipe; N, overflow; A, drive 

 pipe connection ; B, base ; J/, spring supply pipe ; 0, 

 check valve. 



