262 IRRIGATION FARMING. 



Gasoline Engines. Very effective pump power 

 can be gained by the use of the portable gasoline engine, 

 which consists of base, cylinder, piston, connecting rod, 

 crank shaft and fly wheels. The modus operandi and 

 the development of power is as follows : In starting up, 

 on the first outstroke of the piston a mixture of air im- 

 pregnated with the proper amount of gasoline is drawn 

 into the cylinder, passing through the valve chambers. 

 On the in stroke of the piston, this mixture in the cylin- 

 der is compressed into space between the cylinder head 

 and the piston. The combustible mixture is then 

 ignited by f the most reliable, safe and simple device 

 possible, a short iron tube closed at the outer end and 

 connected to the interior of the cylinder, enclosed in a 

 chimney and heated by a burner, and the air being 

 expanded by the heat involved, an impulse is given to 

 the piston. When the piston has reached the second 

 outstroke the exhaust valve is opened and remains open 

 during the second instroke of the piston, and the prod- 

 ucts of combustion are expelled through the exhaust 

 pipe, which is conducted to the outer air. 



It has been found that the cost of a twenty horse- 

 power gasoline engine is about $1,450, and a thirty horse- 

 power about $2,000. The cost of running the first will 

 be about forty cents an hour, and the second sixty cents. 

 The amount of water raised will depend upon the lift, 

 the kind of pump used, and the general arrangement of 

 the plant. Assuming a lift of ten feet, a twenty horse- 

 power engine should lift about five hundred inches, and 

 a thirty horse-power about seven hundred and fifty 

 inches. For engines to raise one or two inches continu- 

 ous flow the expense would be somewhat greater in pro- 

 portion. The cost of operating these engines in local- 

 ities where seventy-four degree gasoline can be obtained 

 in quantities at ten cents a gallon, is ono cent for each 

 exerted horse power per minute. 



