DEVICES AND APPLIANCES. 



cast-iron pipe having a masonry catch basim at cither 

 end, as shown in Fimnv 84. The siphon carries a cur- 

 rent having a velocity of 4.G8 feet a second when run- 

 ning full, a rather high velocity being necessary to keep 

 it from choking. A masonry chamber is built at tin- 

 mouth of the outlet, from which the sewer is conducted 

 to various reservoirs. There are automatic ilushers at 

 the head of each lateral, so that the sewage is well di- 

 luted by the time it reaches the final outlet, very little 

 solid matter remaining. The sewage might just as well 

 be delivered into open ditches from the siphon catch- 

 ment, and these could serve as head ditches at the land 



FKJ. 84. INVERTED SKWKK SYSTEM. 



to be irrigated, provided, of course, the grade would be 

 sufficient. In winter the surplus sewage might be con- 

 ducted to various reservoirs, where it could be stored or 

 allowed to seep away as desired. 



Artesian Well Machinery. The success of arte- 

 sian wells in some sections is phenomenal, and they prove 

 a valuable acquisition in irrigation advancement where 

 artesian basins exist not too far from the surface. A very 

 good well, suitable for irrigation purposes, is to be seen in 

 Figure 85. 



The cost of an artesian well not over five hundred 

 feet deep ought not to exceed one dollar a foot including 

 casing, and contractors will do the work for this sum. 

 The cost of sinking generally increases more rapidly than 

 the depth, so that except in cases of easy boring or great 

 supplies of water, it will not pay to attempt deep wells 

 for irrigation purposes. The temperature increases with 

 the depth, which is an advantage if the water is to be 

 immediately applied, but the water is also more mineral- 



