XXV.] THE OLD PINE STRAWBERRY. 405 



did not know its origin, he argued that it must be a 

 hybrid between the Chilian and Virginian species. 

 The pine -apple strawberries of England and France 

 were found to be different from each other upon 

 comparison, although the differences were such as 

 might arise within the limits of any species or type, 

 and by the end of the century most botanists began 

 to regard the two as variations of one stock. This 

 general type of Pine strawberries, comprising the 

 large -hulled type long represented by the Bath Scar- 

 let and erected into a distinct species by Duchesne 

 as Fragaria calyculata, has been collectively known 

 for a century as Fragaria grandiflora, a name be- 

 stowed by Ehrhart in 1792, although this name, 

 together with the English name Pine, is gradually 

 passing from use. We may say that thus far there 

 are three hypotheses as to the origin of the Pine 

 strawberry, — that it came from North America, from 

 Guiana, and that it is a compound or hybrid of two 

 other species ; and we may add a fourth — that ap- 

 parently accepted by Duhamel and De Candolle, and 

 certainly by Gay — that it is a direct modification of 

 the Chilian strawberry : and also a fifth, advanced by 

 Decaisne,* and accepted by others, that some, at 

 least, of the varieties are products of the large, ro- 

 bust native form of our wild strawberry which is 

 known as Fragaria Virginiana var. IlUnoensis. I 

 shall drop the Guianian origin as wholly untenable, 

 and it will also be unprofitable to discuss directly the 

 question of importation from North America, for we 

 have nothing more than conjecture upon which to 

 found any historical argument. I shall now endeavor 



*Jardin Fruitier du Museum, ix. under " Frasier d'Asa Gray. 



